The Twilight Club of Pasadena (California) is a private social group that was founded in 1895 as an organization where prominent men could assemble on a regular basis and be stimulated by lectures from notables of the day and entertained by individuals and groups of distinguished talent. From its earliest days its membership size was fixed and a waiting list kept. Its sole function was to serve as a convocation of interested and interesting people who gathered to hear speakers on issues of the day. The group met eight evenings a year. The group is much the same today.
The club was founded during a very active period in the life of the new city of Pasadena. Other institutions that began life around the time of the Twilight ClubâÂÂs founding were the Rose Parade in 1890 and Throop Institute (now the California Institute of Technology) in 1891. Pasadena had been incorporated 22 years earlier as the first city in Los Angeles County other than the City of Los Angeles.
The Club staked out strongly anti-German, anti-Irish, anti-Black, and generally xenophobic views in its early years, though it did support questionable policies it believed benefited Native Americans in California. Although the Club had female speakers throughout its history, it did not admit its first female member until 1995, a century after the Club's founding.
John Windell Wood, in his Pasadena, California, Historical and Personal: A Complete History of the Organization of the Indiana Colony, wrote, âÂÂThis club represents the highest type of intellectual life in menâÂÂs clubs, and with it membership limited to eighty, there is always a long waiting list.âÂÂ
The Twilight Club meets eight times a year, has a fixed limit of 135 members and still has a waiting list of individuals who have been proposed by existing members, vetted by a committee and who have been voted on by the overall membership. The most significant change is that the group is no longer all-male. The first woman admitted into the club was The Honorable Cynthia H. Hall, a judge on the Ninth District Court of Appeals, in 1995.
The club keeps careful records of its programs and can document every speaker and subject of every single meeting back to its November, 1895, meeting when Charles F. Lummis spoke on âÂÂThe Pleasures of Southern California.â The Pasadena Museum of History keeps the clubâÂÂs archives.
Its speakers over the years have included:
The list also includes various U.S. Cabinet members, mayors of Los Angeles, successive presidents of Caltech and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. In 1912 the club hosted Sir Thomas Lipton of tea fame, whose British International yacht race became the AmericaâÂÂs Cup.
Twilight Club members have included architects Charles and Henry Greene; industrialists R. Stanton Avery, Arnold Beckman, Joe âÂÂTrader Joeâ Coulombe; Protestant leader Rev. Eugene Carson Blake; Herbert Hoover, Jr. and successive presidents of the University of Southern California, Caltech and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.