Tegenaria is a genus of fast-running funnel weavers that occupies much of the Northern Hemisphere except for Japan and Indonesia. It was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804, though many of its species have been moved elsewhere. The majority of these were moved to Eratigena, including the giant house spider (Eratigena atrica) and the hobo spider (Eratigena agrestis).
Life style
They construct a typical non-sticky funnel web with flat open sheet like area, usually in dark corners, commonly in outbuildings.
Mating takes place during the summer months.
Identification
Tegenaria can be difficult to identify because they resemble wolf spiders and other funnel-web spiders in their area, unless found in an area where they do not occur naturally. They live on sheet webs, usually stretching across the corner between two walls. They have eight eyes in two straight or almost straight rows. Size varies from one species to another, but the body length of adults can range from to , not including the legs. The cardinal spider is the largest funnel weaver, with females that can grow up to long.
With access to a microscope, Tegenaria can be distinguished from other members of Agelenidae (particularly Eratigena) by its 3 to 7 large teeth present in its cheliceral retromargin (Eratigena has 6 or more teeth, and distal teeth smaller than proximal teeth). Additionally, Tegenaria epigyna will be broader than long, whereas Eratigena epigyna will be as long as â or longer than â they are wide.
Species
, this genus includes 139 species:
- T. abchasica <small>Charitonov, 1941</small> â Caucasus (Russia, Georgia)
- T. achaea <small>Brignoli, 1977</small> â Greece, Turkey
- T. adomestica <small>Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005</small> â Azerbaijan
- T. agnolettii <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. alamto <small>Zamani, Marusik & Malek-Hosseini, 2018</small> â Iran
- T. amirani <small>Seropian, Bulbulashvili & Makharadze, 2025</small> â Georgia
- T. angustipalpis <small>, 1996</small> â Greece, Israel
- T. anhela <small>Brignoli, 1972</small> â Turkey
- T. annae <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Greece
- T. annulata <small>KulczyÃ
Âski, 1913</small> â Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro
- T. argaeica <small>Nosek, 1905</small> â Bulgaria, Turkey
- T. ariadnae <small>Brignoli, 1984</small> â Greece (Crete)
- T. armigera <small>Simon, 1873</small> â France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia)
- T. arsacia <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2019</small> â Iran
- T. averni <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. azilaneensis <small>Lecigne, 2025</small> â Morocco
- T. ballarini <small>Zamani, Kaya & Marusik, 2024</small> â Turkey
- T. bayeri <small>KratochvÃÂl, 1934</small> â Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro
- T. bayrami <small>Kaya, Kunt, Marusik & UÃÂurtaÃ
Â, 2010</small> â Turkey
- T. beyazcika <small>Zamani, Kaya & Marusik, 2024</small> â Turkey
- T. boitanii <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. bosnica <small>KratochvÃÂl & Miller, 1940</small> â Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, North Macedonia
- T. bozhkovi <small>(Deltshev, 2008)</small> â Bulgaria, Greece
- T. brinikhi <small>Ponomarev, Mikhailov & Shmatko, 2024</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. campestris <small>(C. L. Koch, 1834)</small> â France, Azerbaijan, Algeria
- T. capolongoi <small>Brignoli, 1977</small> â Italy
- T. carensis <small>Barrientos, 1981</small> â Spain
- T. chebana <small>Thorell, 1897</small> â Myanmar
- T. chiricahuae <small>Roth, 1968</small> â United States
- T. chumachenkoi <small>Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008</small> â Russia (Europe, Caucasus), Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey
- T. circeoensis <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Italy
- T. comnena <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. comstocki <small>Gajbe, 2004</small> â India
- T. concolor <small>Simon, 1873</small> â Syria
- T. cottarellii <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. croatica <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Croatia
- T. dagestana <small>Ponomarev, Mikhailov & Shmatko, 2024</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. daiamsanesis <small>Kim, 1998</small> â Korea
- T. dalmatica <small>KulczyÃ
Âski, 1906</small> â Mediterranean, Ukraine
- T. daylamanica <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2019</small> â Iran
- T. decolorata <small>KratochvÃÂl & Miller, 1940</small> â Croatia
- T. dentifera <small>KulczyÃ
Âski, 1908</small> â Cyprus
- T. domestica <small>(Clerck, 1757)</small> â Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Middle East, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, India, Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan. Introduced to Australia, New Zealand, the Americas, South Africa, St. Helena, Réunion (type species)
- T. egrisiana <small>Zamani, Kaya & Marusik, 2024</small> â Georgia
- T. eleonorae <small>Brignoli, 1974</small> â Italy
- T. elysii <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. epacris <small>Levy, 1996</small> â Israel
- T. eros <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2019</small> â Iran
- T. euxinica <small>Dimitrov, 2022</small> â Bulgaria, Turkey
- T. faniapollinis <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Italy (Sicily), North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey
- T. femoralis <small>Simon, 1873</small> â France, Italy
- T. ferruginea <small>(Panzer, 1804)</small> â Europe. Introduced to Azores, Venezuela
- T. forestieroi <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. frumkini <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. gainesteros <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. gordani <small>Komnenov, 2020</small> â Montenegro
- T. guseinovi <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2019</small> â Iran
- T. halidi <small>Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005</small> â Azerbaijan, Iran
- T. hamid <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. hasperi <small>Chyzer, 1897</small> â France, Turkey, Russia (Europe, Caucasus), Georgia. Introduced to Britain
- T. hauseri <small>Brignoli, 1979</small> â Greece
- T. hemanginiae <small>Reddy & Patel, 1992</small> â India
- T. henroti <small>Dresco, 1956</small> â Italy (Sardinia)
- T. hoeferi <small>Zamani, Kaya & Marusik, 2024</small> â Armenia
- T. ismaillensis <small>Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005</small> â Azerbaijan
- T. karaman <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. komarovi <small>Ponomarev, 2022</small> â Caucasus (Russia, Georgia)
- T. lapicidinarum <small>Spassky, 1934</small> â Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Urals)
- T. latens <small>Ponomarev, 2022</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. lehtineni <small>(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005)</small> â Azerbaijan
- T. lenkoranica <small>(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005)</small> â Azerbaijan, Iran
- T. lepida <small>Ponomarev, 2022</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. levantina <small>Barrientos, 1981</small> â Spain
- T. longimana <small>Simon, 1898</small> â Turkey, Caucasus (Russia, Georgia)
- T. lunakensis <small>Tikader, 1964</small> â Nepal
- T. lyncea <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey, Caucasus (Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan)
- T. maelfaiti <small>Bosmans, 2011</small> â Greece
- T. mamikonian <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. maroccana <small>, 1956</small> â Morocco
- T. maronita <small>Simon, 1873</small> â Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel
- T. mediterranea <small>Levy, 1996</small> â Israel
- T. melbae <small>Brignoli, 1972</small> â Turkey
- T. mercanturensis <small>Bolzern & Hervé, 2010</small> â France
- T. michae <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Lebanon
- T. mirifica <small>Thaler, 1987</small> â Switzerland, Austria, Italy
- T. montana <small>Deltshev, 1993</small> â Bulgaria
- T. montiszasensis <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Greece
- T. naasane <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. nakhchivanica <small>(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005)</small> â Azerbaijan
- T. occulta <small>Ponomarev, 2022</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. oribata <small>Simon, 1916</small> â France (Pyrenees)
- T. ornit <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. osetica <small>Ponomarev, 2022</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. pagana <small>C. L. Koch, 1840</small> â Europe and North Africa, Central Asia. Introduced to United States, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, St. Helena, South Africa
- T. pallens <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2023</small> â Iran
- T. parietina <small>(Fourcroy, 1785)</small> â Europe, North Africa, Israel, Central Asia. Introduced to Jamaica, Paraguay, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Azores
- T. parmenidis <small>Brignoli, 1971</small> â Italy
- T. parvula <small>Thorell, 1875</small> â Italy, Slovenia, Romania
- T. pasquinii <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. percuriosa <small>Brignoli, 1972</small> â Turkey
- T. pieperi <small>Brignoli, 1979</small> â Greece (Crete)
- T. pindosiensis <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Greece
- T. podoprygorai <small>(Kovblyuk, 2006)</small> â Ukraine
- T. pontica <small>Charitonov, 1947</small> â Russia (Caucasus), Georgia?
- T. prisnyi <small>Ponomarev, 2021</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. pseudolyncea <small>(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005)</small> â Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan
- T. racovitzai <small>Simon, 1907</small> â Spain, France
- T. rahnamayi <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2019</small> â Iran
- T. ramblae <small>Barrientos, 1978</small> â Portugal, Spain
- T. regispyrrhi <small>Brignoli, 1976</small> â North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece
- T. rhodiensis <small>Caporiacco, 1948</small> â Greece (Rhodes), Turkey
- T. rilaensis <small>Deltshev, 1993</small> â North Macedonia, Bulgaria
- T. sbordonii <small>Brignoli, 1971</small> â Italy
- T. schmalfussi <small>Brignoli, 1976</small> â Greece (Crete)
- T. schoenhoferi <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Greece
- T. scopifera <small>Barrientos, Ribera & Pons, 2002</small> â Spain (Balearic Is.)
- T. shillongensis <small>Barman, 1979</small> â India
- T. shirin <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2019</small> â Iran
- T. silvestris <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> â Europe
- T. sorani <small>Zamani & Marusik, 2024</small> â Iraq
- T. talyshica <small>Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005</small> â Azerbaijan
- T. taurica <small>Charitonov, 1947</small> â Ukraine, Georgia?
- T. tekke <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. terskovi <small>Ponomarev, 2023</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. tetrica <small>Ponomarev, Mikhailov & Shmatko, 2024</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. tridentina <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> â Europe
- T. trogalil <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. tsekhok <small>Ponomarev, Mikhailov & Shmatko, 2024</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. tyrrhenica <small>Dalmas, 1922</small> â Italy
- T. utrish <small>Ponomarev, Mikhailov & Shmatko, 2024</small> â Russia (Caucasus)
- T. vallei <small>Brignoli, 1972</small> â Libya
- T. vanensis <small>DaniÃ
Âman & Karanfil, 2015</small> â Turkey
- T. vankeerorum <small>Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013</small> â Greece (Rhodes), Turkey
- T. vignai <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Turkey
- T. wittmeri <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Bhutan
- T. yaaranford <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. yotami <small>Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023</small> â Israel
- T. zagatalensis <small>Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005</small> â Azerbaijan
- T. zamanii <small>Marusik & Omelko, 2014</small> â Iran
References
External links