Taylor Township is located in Ogle County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 963 and it contained 488 housing units. A referendum to merge Taylor Township with neighboring LaFayette Township failed when Taylor voted against the referendum. The referendum was approved in LaFayette.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , of which (or 97.75%) is land and (or 2.18%) is water.