Syrnola is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Turbonillinae of the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
General description
The species in Syrnola are medium-sized and slender. Their shell is subulate and polished, marked by fine lines of growth and microscopic spiral striations. It doesn't contain an umbilicus. The whorls of the teleoconch are flattened and increasing regularly in size. The suture is well marked. The aperture is suboval. The outer lip is simple. They possess only one columellar fold.
Species
Species within the genus Syrnola include:
- Syrnola acerrima <small>Watson, 1886</small>
- â Syrnola aclyformis <small>Marwick, 1929</small>
- Syrnola acusbifasciata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola acusgradata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola acutissima <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola adamsi <small>(Tryon, 1886)</small>
- Syrnola adventicia <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola aganea <small>(Bartsch, 1915)</small>
- Syrnola altapex <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola ambagiosa <small>Melvill, 1904</small>
- Syrnola angasi <small>(Tryon, 1886)</small>
- â Syrnola angulifera <small>(Laws, 1937)</small>
- Syrnola angusta <small>Laseron, 1951</small> (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym, secondary homonym of Syrnola angusta (Deshayes, 1861))
- Syrnola aperanta <small>Melvill, 1906</small>
- Syrnola apollinis <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola arae <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2002</small>
- Syrnola arcta <small>(Deshayes, 1861)</small> âÂÂ
- Syrnola arundo <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola attenuata <small>(Dall, 1892)</small>
- Syrnola aurantiaca <small>Angas, 1867</small>
- Syrnola azona <small>Nomura, 1937</small>
- Syrnola baygiongina <small>Saurin, 1959</small>
- Syrnola bifasciata <small>Tenison-Woods, 1875</small>
- Syrnola bizonalis <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola cani <small>Saurin, 1959</small>
- Syrnola capensis <small>(G.B. Sowerby III, 1892)</small>
- â Syrnola carinulata <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>
- Syrnola celestae <small>Saurin, 1959</small>
- Syrnola cinctella <small>(Adams A., 1860)</small>
- Syrnola clavellosa <small>Melvill, 1906</small>
- Syrnola clearete <small>Melvill, 1910</small>
- â Syrnola climacina <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>
- â Syrnola cloczi <small>Cossmann, 1896</small>
- Syrnola collea <small>(Bartsch, 1926)</small>
- Syrnola columnella <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>
- â Syrnola concinna <small>(Sorgenfrei, 1958)</small>
- â Syrnola conulus <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>
- Syrnola convexa <small>Laseron, 1951</small>
- Syrnola convoluta <small>(Watson, 1886)</small>
- Syrnola crawfordi <small>Powell, 1927</small>
- Syrnola crocata <small>(A. Adams, 1865)</small>
- Syrnola cuspidata <small>(Garrett, 1873)</small>
- Syrnola cylindrella <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>
- Syrnola daedala <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>
- Syrnola densestriata <small>(Garrett, 1873)</small>
- Syrnola dianae <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola dissociata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola elegans <small>(A. Adams, 1854)</small>
- Syrnola endolamellata <small>(Schander, 1994)</small>
- Syrnola erecta <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola eruca <small>Laseron, 1959</small>
- Syrnola etiennei <small>(Dautzenberg, 1912)</small>
- Syrnola exploratorum <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola exserta <small>Laseron, 1959</small>
- Syrnola exsulcata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola fasciata <small>Jickeli, 1882</small>
- Syrnola fernandina <small>(Bartsch, 1927)</small>
- Syrnola filiformis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola finitima <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola floridana <small>(Bartsch, 1927)</small>
- Syrnola georgiana <small>(Bartsch, 1927)</small>
- Syrnola gigantea <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- â Syrnola goniophora <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>
- Syrnola gracillima <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola hanzawai <small>Nomura, 1939</small>
- Syrnola hasimotoi <small>Nomura, 1937</small>
- Syrnola hera <small>(Bartsch, 1915)</small>
- â Syrnola houdasi <small>Cossmann, 1907</small>
- Syrnola interpressa <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola intraliciata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola irregularis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- â Syrnola irrevocata <small>Laws, 1937</small>
- Syrnola jacksonensis <small>Laseron, 1951</small>
- Syrnola jovis <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola junonis <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola karachiensis <small>Melvill, 1897</small>
- Syrnola kesenensis <small>Nomura, 1938</small>
- Syrnola lactea <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>
- Syrnola lamothei <small>(Dautzenberg, 1912)</small>
- Syrnola lanassae <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>
- Syrnola lanceata <small>Peñas, Rolán & Swinnen, 2014</small>
- Syrnola lata Laseron, 1951
- Syrnola lendix <small>(Adams, 1863)</small>
- Syrnla lepidula <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola longiaperturata <small>Nomura, 1938</small>
- Syrnola longiuscula <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- â Syrnola lutosa <small>Marwick, 1931</small>
- Syrnola macella <small>Saurin, 1962</small>
- Syrnola macrocephala <small>Hedley, 1903</small>
- Syrnola magnusdens <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola manifesta <small>Hedley, 1912</small>
- Syrnola manilensis <small>Boettger, 1896</small>
- Syrnola marquesensis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola massauensis <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>
- Syrnola mekranica <small>Melvill & Standen, 1901</small>
- Syrnola menda <small>Finlay, 1926</small>
- Syrnola mera <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola mercurii <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola metria <small>Melvill, 1896</small>
- Syrnola michaeli <small>Tenison-Woods, 1877</small>
- â Syrnola microstoma <small>(Deshayes, 1862)</small>
- Syrnola minervae <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola minusgradata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola minuta <small>Adams H., 1869</small>
- Syrnola modica <small>(G.B. Sowerby II, 1865)</small>
- Syrnola monteiroi <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola mussandamica <small>Melvill & Standen, 1903</small>
- Syrnola mutabilis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola neglecta <small>Saurin, 1959</small>
- Syrnola neptuni <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- â Syrnola neumayri <small>(Koenen, 1882)</small>
- â Syrnola nitida <small>(Melleville, 1843)</small>
- Syrnola obeliscus <small>(Garrett, 1873)</small>
- â Syrnola obesula <small>(Deshayes, 1862)</small>
- Syrnola parda <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola pergradata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola pervulgata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- â Syrnola pissarroi <small>Cossmann, 1902</small>
- Syrnola pistillum <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>
- â Syrnola polygyrata <small>(Deshayes, 1861)</small>
- Syrnola praecostulata <small>Saurin, 1959</small>
- â Syrnola praelonga <small>(Deshayes, 1861)</small>
- Syrnola producta <small>(C. B. Adams, 1840)</small>
- Syrnola proserpinae <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola proxima <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola pulchra <small>Brazier, 1877</small>
- Syrnola pumilio <small>(E. A. Smith, 1890)</small>
- Syrnola pupina <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola pyramidalis <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola pyrrha <small>(Bartsch, 1915)</small>
- Syrnola quaelibet <small>Saurin, 1959</small>
- â Syrnola riddollsi <small>Maxwell, 1992</small>
- â Syrnola rodata <small>(Laws, 1940)</small>
- Syrnola rubrofasciata <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola sansibarica <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- â Syrnola sculptilis <small>Laws, 1937</small>
- Syrnola simulans <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola siogamensis <small>Nomura, 1936</small>
- Syrnola solanderiana <small>Laseron, 1959</small>
- Syrnola solomonensis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- â Syrnola spiculum <small>(Deshayes, 1861)</small>
- â Syrnola spina <small>(Deshayes, 1824)</small>
- Syrnola spiniformis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola striatula <small>(A. Adams, 1854)</small>
- Syrnola strigulata <small>(A. Adams, 1863)</small>
- Syrnola subcinctella <small>Nomura, 193</small>6
- Syrnola subula <small>Gould, 1861</small>
- Syrnola subuliformis <small>(A. Adams, 1863)</small>
- Syrnola subulina <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>
- â Syrnola sulcifera <small>Laws, 1937</small>
- Syrnola susakiensis <small>Nomura, 1939</small>
- Syrnola sutuproelon <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- Syrnola taeniata <small>(A. Adams, 1863)</small>
- Syrnola take <small>Nomura, 1938</small>
- Syrnola teretiuscula <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- â Syrnola thelma <small>Dall 1913</small>
- Syrnola thielei <small>(Dautzenberg, 1912)</small>
- Syrnola thomensis <small>Tomlin & Shackleford, 1915</small>
- Syrnola tincta <small>Angas, 1871</small>
- Syrnola torresiana <small>Laseron, 1959</small>
- Syrnola trivittata <small>Sturany, 1903</small>
- Syrnola tubiformis <small>Peñas & Rolán, 2016</small>
- â Syrnola turoniensis <small>(Glibert, 1949)</small>
- Syrnola unilineata <small>(Garrett, 1873)</small>
- Syrnola vanhareni <small>(van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998)</small>
- Syrnola vanhyningi <small>(Bartsch, 1944)</small>
- Syrnola veneris <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Syrnola violacea <small>Melvill & Standen, 1896</small>
- Syrnola vitrea <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>
- Syrnola vulcani <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- â Syrnola waiauica <small>(Laws, 1937</small>)
- â Syrnola wallacei <small>Marwick, 1929</small>
- Syrnola zona <small>Nomura, 1937</small>
Synonyms
- Syrnola aurantia <small>(Petterd, 1884)</small>: synonym of Syrnola aurantiaca <small>(Angas, 1867)</small> (junior synonym)
- Syrnola bacillum <small>Pilsbry, 190</small>1: synonym of Tibersyrnola bacillum <small>(Pilsbry, 1901)</small>
- Syrnola bedoti <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>: synonym of Megastomia bedoti (Hornung & Mermod, 1924)
- â Syrnola bernayi <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>: synonym of â Cossmannica bernayi <small>(Cossmann, 1888)</small> (superseded combination)
- â Syrnola briarti <small>Cossmann, 18</small>88: synonym of â Odostomia briarti <small>(Cossmann, 1888)</small> (superseded combinati
- Syrnola broti <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>: synonym of Megastomia broti <small>(Hornung & Mermod, 1924)</small>
- Syrnola brunnea <small>(A. Adams, 1854)</small>: synonym of Colsyrnola brunnea <small>(A. Adams, 1854)</small>
- Syrnola callembryon <small>Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1907</small>: synonym of Puposyrnola callembryon <small>(Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1907)</small>
- Syrnola canaria <small>(Hedley, 1907)</small>: synonym of Megastomia canaria <small>(Hedley, 1907)</small>
- Syrnola candida <small>(de Folin, 1870)</small>: synonym of Syrnola etiennei <small>(Dautzenberg, 1912)</small>
- Syrnola cerullii <small>Cossmann, 1916</small>: synonym of Eulimella cerullii <small>(Cossmann, 1916)</small>
- Syrnola charpenteri <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>: synonym of Marginodostomia charpenteri <small>(Hornung & Mermod, 1924)</small>
- Syrnola cincta <small>Fenaux, 1942</small>: synonym of Tibersyrnola unifasciata <small>(Forbes, 1844)</small>
- Syrnola cinnamomea <small>(A. Adams, 1863)</small>: synonym of Tibersyrnola cinnamomea <small>(A. Adams, 1863)</small>
- â Syrnola emarginata <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>: synonym of â Cossmannica emarginata <small>(Cossmann, 1888)</small> (superseded combination)
- â Syrnola finlayi <small>(Laws, 1937)</small>: synonym of â Finlayola finlayi <small>Laws, 1937</small>
- Syrnola gestroi <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>: synonym of Megastomia gestroi <small>(Hornung & Mermod, 1924)</small>
- Syrnola hanagaiensis <small>Nomura, 1938</small>: synonym of Derjuginella rufofasciata <small>(E.A. Smith, 1875)</small>
- Syrnola harrissoni <small>Tate & May 1900</small>: synonym of Koloonella harrissoni <small>(Tate & May 1900)</small> (original combination)
- Syrnola inturbida <small>Yokoyama, 1927</small>: synonym of Puposyrnola inturbida <small>(Yokoyama, 1927)</small> (original combination)
- Syrnola jaculum <small>Melvill & Standen, 1896</small>: synonym of Styloptygma jaculum <small>(Melvill & Standen, 1896)</small>
- Syrnola lacteola <small>(Preston, 1904)</small>: synonym of Styloptygma lacteola <small>Preston, 1903</small>
- Syrnola lata <small>Laseron, 1951</small>: synonym of Syrnola aurantiaca <small>(Angas, 1867)</small> (junior synonym)
- â Syrnola lawsi <small>Powell, 1934</small>: synonym of â Tibersyrnola lawsi <small>(Powell, 1934)</small>
- Syrnola lorioli <small>Hornung & Mermod, 1924</small>: synonym of Odostomia lorioli <small>(Hornung & Mermod, 1924)</small>
- Syrnola lurida <small>(Suter, 1908)</small>: synonym of Finlayola lurida <small>(Suter, 1908)</small>
- â Syrnola mestayerae <small>Marwick, 1931</small>: synonym of â Eulimella mestayerae <small>(Marwick, 1931)</small> (original combination)
- Syrnola metcalfei <small>(Pritchard & Gatliff, 1900)</small>: synonym of Odostomia metcalfei <small>Pritchard & Gatliff, 1900</small>
- Syrnola minor <small>E. A. Smith, 1904</small>: synonym of Pyramidella minor <small>(E. A. Smith, 1904)</small>
- Syrnola mossiana <small>Melvill & Standen, 1895</small>: synonym of Odostomia lutea <small>Garrett, 1873</small>
- Syrnola nitidula <small>A. Adams, 1860</small>: synonym of Tiberia nitidula <small>(A. Adams, 1860)</small>
- â Syrnola otaioensis <small>(Laws, 1937)</small>: synonym of â Finlayola otaioensis <small>Laws, 1937</small>
- Syrnola petterdi <small>Tate & May 1900</small>: synonym of Agatha petterdi <small>(Gatliff, 1900)</small> (secondary junior homonym of Syrnola tasmanica <small>(Tenison-Woods, 1877)</small>, Odostomia petterdi is a replacement name)
- â Syrnola plicifera <small>Cossmann, 1902</small>: synonym of â Tropaeas plicifera <small>(Cossmann, 1902)</small> (superseded combination)
- â Syrnola pupoides <small>Cossmann, 1888</small>: synonym of â Tropaeas pupoides <small>(Cossmann, 1888)</small> ( superseded combination)
- â Syrnola semiconcava <small>P. Marshall & Murdoch, 1923</small> synonym of â Tibersyrnola semiconcava <small>(P. Marshall & Murdoch, 1923)</small>
- Syrnola serotina <small>A. Adams, 1863</small>: synonym of Tibersyrnola serotina <small>(A. Adams, 1863)</small>
- Syrnola simplex <small>(Angas, 1871)</small>: synonym of Megastomia simplex <small>(Angas, 1871)</small>
- Syrnola solidula <small>(Dunker, 1860)</small>: synonym of Pyramidella solidula <small>(Dunker, 1860)</small>
- â Syrnola spargana <small>Cossmann, 1896</small>: synonym of â Cossmannica spargana <small>(Cossmann, 1896)</small> (uperseded combination)
- Syrnola striatula <small>(Jeffreys, 1856)</small>: synonym of Ebala striatula <small>(Jeffreys, 1856)</small>
- Syrnola tarpeia <small>Bartsch, 1915</small>: synonym of Pyramidella tarpeia <small>Bartsch, 1915</small> (taxon inquirendum)
- Syrnola tenuisculpta <small>(Lischke, 1872)</small>: synonym of Iphiana tenuisculpta <small>(Lischke, 1872)</small>
- â Syrnola tepikiensis <small>Powell, 1934</small>: synonym of â Tibersyrnola tepikiensis <small>(Powell, 1934)</small>
- Syrnola unifasciata <small>(Forbes, 1844):</small> synonym of Eulimella unifasciata <small>(Forbes, 1844)</small>
- Syrnola vietnamica <small>Saurin, 1959</small>: synonym of Syrnola elegans <small>(A. Adams, 1854)</small>
- â Syrnola vixornata <small>Marwick, 1931</small>: synonym of â Odostomia vixornata <small>(Marwick, 1931)</small> (original combination)
- â Syrnola waihoraensis <small>Marwick, 1931</small>: synonym of â Eulimella waihoraensis <small>(Marwick, 1931</small>) (original combination)
- â Syrnola waipaoa <small>Marwick, 1931</small>: synonym of â Odostomia waipaoa <small>(Marwick, 1931)</small>
- Syrnola wenzi <small>Nordsieck, 1972</small>: synonym of Tibersyrnola unifasciata <small>(Forbes, 1844)</small>
References
- Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. pp 196âÂÂ219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.
- Robba, E. (2013). Tertiary and Quaternary fossil pyramidelloidean gastropods of Indonesia. Scripta Geologica. 144: 1âÂÂ191.
External links