Strigamia

Strigamia is a genus of soil centipedes in the subfamily Linotaeniinae, a clade formerly known as the family Linotaeniidae, but now deemed a subfamily within the family Geophilidae. This genus is among the most widespread genera in the order Geophilomorpha. These centipedes are found in temperate parts of the Holarctic region, including much of North America and Eurasia.

Description

Species in this genus feature bodies that taper toward both the anterior and posterior ends. The head is about as long as wide. The coxosternite of the first maxillae is entire rather than divided. The forcipular sternite is wider than long and lacks chitin lines. The forcipules (venom-injecting fangs) are relatively short but each feature four distinct articles, with a large denticle at the base of the ultimate article but no denticle on the first article. The sternites feature paired fields of pores. The basal element of the ultimate legs features pores on the ventral side only. These legs are about as long as the penultimate pair, and each leg features six articles and ends in a claw. The ultimate legs are distinctly swollen in the male.

Centipedes in this genus can reach 15 cm in length (in the North American species S. epileptica) and can have as few as 31 pairs of legs (in the Taiwanese species, S. nana, with 31 to 35 in both sexes, and in the North American species S. hoffmani, with 31 to 35 pairs in males, 35 or 37 in females) or as many as 83 leg pairs (in S. epileptica, with 65 to 69 pairs in males, 71 to 83 in females). Other species with notably few legs include the Siberian species S. sibirica (33 pairs in males, 33 or 35 in females), the Japanese species S. korsosi (33 or 35 in males, 35 or 37 in females), and the Romanian species S. lutea (35 pairs in males, 37 in females). The species S. nana and S. korsosi are notable for their small sizes (no more than 15 mm long) as well as for their modest number of legs.

Taxonomy

The genus name Strigamia was introduced in 1843 by T. Rymer Jones, who gave credit to John Edward Gray as the author of this name. Although some references place this genus in the family Linotaeniidae, authorities deemed Linotaeniidae to be a junior synonym of Geophilidae in 2014 based on a phylogenetic analysis of the order Geophilomorpha using both morphological and molecular data. Authorities now place this genus in the family Geophilidae instead, but within the subfamily Linotaeniinae.

Species

The genus Strigamia contains more than 40 valid species, including the following:

• Strigamia acuminata <small>Leach (1816)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia alokosternum <small>Attems (1927)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia auxa <small>Chamberlin, 1954</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia bicolor <small>Shinohara 1981</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia bidens <small>Wood, 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g b}</span>
• Strigamia bothriopus <small>Wood, 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g b}</span>
• Strigamia branneri <small>Bollman C.H. (1888)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g b}</span>
• Strigamia carmela <small>Chamberlin, 1941</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia caucasia <small>Verhoeff (1938)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia cephalica <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia chionophila <small>Wood, 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g b}</span>
• Strigamia cottiana <small>Verhoeff (1935)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia crassipes <small>Koch (1835)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia crinita <small>Attems (1929)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia engadina <small>Verhoeff (1935)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia epileptica <small>Wood, 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g b}</span>
• Strigamia exul <small>Meinert (1886)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia filicornis <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia fulva <small>Sager 1856</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia fusata <small>Attems, 1903</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia gracilis <small>Wood 1867</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia herzegowinensis <small>Verhoeff (1935)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia hirsutipes <small>Attems (1927)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia hoffmani <small>Pereira, 2009</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia inthanoni<small> Bonato, Bortolin, Drago, Orlando and Dányi, 2017</small><span style="color:gray">^{i g}</span>
• Strigamia japonica <small>Verhoeff (1935)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia kerrana <small>Chamberlin (1940)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia laevipes <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia lampra <small>Chamberlin, 1938</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia longicornis <small>Meinert (1886)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia lutea <small>Matic, 1985</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia maculaticeps <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia maritima <small>Leach (1817)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia monopora <small>Takakuwa (1938)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia munda <small>Chamberlin (1952)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia olympica <small>Dobroruka 1977</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia parviceps <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia paucipora <small>Matic, 1985</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia platydentata <small>Shinohara 1981</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia pseudopusillus <small>Loksa (1962)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia pusilla <small>Seliwanoff (1884)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia sacolinensis <small>Meinert (1870)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia sibirica <small>Sseliwanoff (1881)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia sulcata <small>Seliwanoff, 1881</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia svenhedini <small>Verhoeff, 1933</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia taeniophera <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia tenuiungulata <small>Takakuwa, 1938</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia texensis <small>Chamberlin, 1941</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia transsilvanica <small>Verhoeff (1928)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia tripora <small>Chamberlin, 1941</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia tropica <small>Wood 1862</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Strigamia urania <small>Crabill, 1954</small><span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Strigamia walkeri <small>Wood 1865</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>

<small>Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net</small>

References

Further reading

External links