Streptomyces hilarionis is a species of aerobic Gram-positive actinomycete. It was discovered and characterized in Brazil, along with Streptomyces haiashii, where it has been associated with common scab, a disease that causes significant damage to potato crops worldwide. Its type strain is IBSBF 2807<sup>T</sup> (other culture collections: CBMAI 2674<sup>T</sup>=ICMP 24297<sup>T</sup>=MUM 22.66<sup>T</sup>).