Stepan Kirillovich Melnikov (; born 25 April 2002) is a Russian football player.
He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for Spartak-2 Moscow on 6 March 2021 in a game against Baltika Kaliningrad.
He made his Russian Premier League debut for Spartak on 29 November 2021 in a game against Ufa.
On 20 January 2022, he signed a 4.5-year contract with Rostov.
On 22 June 2023, Melnikov moved on a season-long loan to Alania Vladikavkaz.
He represented Russia at the 2019 UEFA European Under-17 Championship. He appeared in two games as Russia was eliminated at group stage.