Sri Lanka competed at the 2022 Asian Games in Hangzhou, China from September 23 to October 8, 2023. This was Sri Lanka's 19th appearance at the Asian Games, having competed at every Games since the second edition in 1951.
Originally on July 26, 2023, a team of 96 athletes (62 men and 34 women) were named to the team competing in 21 sports. A total of 57 officials (including coaches) were also included in the final delegation. In September 2023, two track and field athletes withdrew due to injury, while a male artistic gymnast was added, bringing the final team to 95 athletes (61 men and 34 women). The 95 athletes marked a decline of 78 athletes from the 2018 Asian Games, because the country chose only athletes with medal winning possibilities.
On September 14, 2023 it was announced golfer Anura Rohana and athlete Gayanthika Abeyratne would be the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony. At the age of 52, Rohana became the oldest flagbearer in Asian Games history.
The following is the list of number of competitors (per gender) participating at the games per sport/discipline.
Sri Lanka entered three archers (two men and one woman).
Sri Lanka entered 16 athletes (eight per gender). Later Yupun Abeykoon and Ushan Thiwanka withdrew due to injury. This reduced the final team to 14 athletes (six men and eight women).
Sri Lanka entered one male badminton athlete.
Sri Lanka entered one female pair.
Sri Lanka entered two male boxers.
Sri Lanka entered one male chess player.
Sri Lanka entered one men's and women's teams (each consisting of 15 athletes) for a total of 30 competitors.
The Sri Lankan men's team consisted of 15 athletes. The team named was a second string team.
The Sri Lankan women's team consisted of 15 athletes.
Sri Lanka entered four male esports competitors.
Sri Lanka entered four male golfers.
Sri Lanka entered one male artistic gymnast after entries were closed.
Sri Lanka entered one judoka.
Sri Lanka entered two karateka (one per gender).
Sri Lanka entered four rowers (two per gender).
Sri Lanka entered two sailors (one per gender).
Sri Lanka entered three squash athletes (two men and one woman).
Sri Lanka entered three swimmers (two men and one woman).
Sri Lanka qualified both its men's and women's teams for the field hockey competitions. The National Sports Selection Committee of Sri Lanka (NSSC) decided to withdraw both teams due to the economic crisis facing Sri Lanka and lack of medal chances.