The ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the Russian Federation to Afghanistan is the official representative of the president and the government of the Russian Federation to Afghanistan.
The ambassador and his staff work at large in the Embassy of Russia in Kabul. The post of Russian ambassador to Afghanistan is currently held by Dmitry Zhirnov, incumbent since 29 April 2020.
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic provided unofficial assistance to the Emirate of Afghanistan during the Third Anglo-Afghan War, helping the country to achieve full independence from British influence. The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was also the first country to recognize and established diplomatic relations with Afghanistan in 1919. Yakov Surits, a former diplomatic representative to Denmark, was appointed plenipotentiary to Afghanistan. On 23 July 1923 relations established at the level of embassies.
From 1992 to 2002, during the years of Taliban rule, diplomatic relations were broken off and no ambassadors were appointed.