Sopka () is a general denomination used for hills and mountains with a rounded top and gentle slopes in the Transbaikal, the Kola Peninsula, and the Russian Far East, as well as for volcano<nowiki/>es in the Kamchatka Peninsula and Kuril Islands, and for mud volcano<nowiki/>es in Crimea and the Caucasus.
The probable origin of the word sopka is from Old Church Slavonic sopâÂÂan earthen embankment, hill, or mountain.