The was a minor feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan based in southern Mutsu Province in what is now part of the Hamadà Âri region of modern-day Fukushima Prefecture. It was ruled for the entirety of its history by the Sà Âma clan. It was centered at Sà Âma Nakamura Castle in what is now part of the city of Sà Âma. The domain was also known as or .
During early Kamakura period, the SÃ Âma clan served as retainers of Minamoto no Yoritomo and were awarded lands in southern Mutsu Province for their role in the conquest of Hiraizumi in 1189. Thus, along with the Nanbu clan and Shimazu clan, they had the distinction of being one of the few clans which held onto their territories for over 700 years, from the Kamakura period through the Meiji Restoration.
During the late Sengoku period, the Sà Âma were allied with the powerful Satake clan based at Mito and fought many battles against the Date clan to the north. The 16th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan, Sà Âma Yoshitane was defeated by Date Masamune in 1589. However, after he pledged fealty to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, his domain was re-established. During the Battle of Sekigahara, he did not respond to Tokugawa Ieyasu, as the Satake clan had decided to side with the pro-Toyotomi western army under Ishida Mitsunari. As a result, his domain was again seized, this time by the victorious Ieyasu. A couple of months later, largely through the mediation and compassion of Honda Masanobu and Date Masamune, the clan was pardoned and allowed to return to its former lands, with Yoshitane's son, Sà Âma Toshitane becoming first daimyà  of the 60,000-koku Sà Âma Nakamura Domain in 1602.
Sà Âma Nakamura Castle was rebuilt in 1611 to be the seat of the domain. In 1712, the Sà Âma managed to change their status from tozama to fudai daimyà Â. The Great Tenmei famine of 1781âÂÂ1789 hit the domain very hard and the domain subsequently accepted landless immigrants from the Etchà « Province (present-day Toyama Prefecture) to keep the population. During the last Edo period, the domain began to implement the Hà Âtoku agricultural reforms originated by Ninomiya Sontoku.
In the Boshin War of the Meiji Restoration, the domain joined the pro-Tokugawa à Âuetsu Reppan Dà Âmei. As forces of the Satchà  Alliance advanced into Nakadori, Nakamura Castle fell with little resistance. was captured by the Meiji government troops. With the abolition of the han system in 1871, the lands of the domain became Nakamura Prefecture, which subsequently was merged into Fukushima Prefecture.
Unlike most domains in the han system which consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields., Sà Âma Nakamura Domain consisted of a single unified territory covering what is now the modern municipalities of Sà Âma, Minamisà Âma, Futaba, Namie, à Âkuma and Iitate as well as most of Shinchi in what is now Fukushima Prefecture.
was the 1st daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 17th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the eldest son of Sà Âma Yoshitane, the 16th Sà Âma chieftain. His courtesy title was Daizen-no-suke and Court rank was Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade. During the Battle of Sekigahara, he attempted to remain neutral, as his father was on close terms with Ishida Mitsunari and as he had concerns with regards to his powerful neighbors, the Satake clan. However, the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu won the battle, and with the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, the clan faced the loss of their hereditary domains. The shogunate relocated the Satake to Akita Domain and despite a considerable loss of kokudaka, the Satake offered to set aside a portion of their new territories for the Sà Âma clan. However, Sà Âma Toshitane (at that time named Sà Âma Mitsutane) decided to petition the shogunate for reinstatement instead, and changed the kanji of his name from ä¸Âè¤ toèÂÂè¤ to remove the character in his name that he had shared with Ishida Mitsunari. A number of senior Tokugawa retainers spoke out on his behalf, including Honda Masanobu, and the Sà Âma clan's traditional rival, Date Masamune. The shogunate agreed to his petition, and the Sà Âma clan were allowed to keep their lands.
In 1602, Toshitane remarried to an adopted daughter of shà Âgun Tokugawa Hidetada, further cementing his position. He changed his name to Toshitane shortly thereafter. In 1611 he relocated the domain seat to Nakamura Castle. During the 1615 Battle of Osaka, he served in the van of Hidetada's army. On his return after the war, he laid out a castle town around Nakamura Castle modeled after the grid-pattern of Kyoto and sponsored the development of Sà Âma ware ceramics as a local product. He died in 1625 at the age of 45, and his grave is in what is now the city of Minamisà Âma, Fukushima, at the temple of Dokei-ji.
was the 2nd daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 18th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the eldest son of Sà Âma Toshitane, and his mother was an adopted daughter of Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada. His courtesy title was Nagato-no-kami but was changed to Daizen-no-suke in 1636. His wife was a daughter of Naito Tadashige of Toba Domain. He became daimyà  at the age of 7 in 1625 on the death of his father, and due to his youth, his uncle Sà Âma Yoshitane served as regent. In 1641, during a great fire in Edo, he was ordered by the shogunate to oversee firefighting efforts, but was seriously injured when a horse panicked. He died of illness in 1651 without a male heir.
was the 3rd daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 19th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the younger son of Tsuchiya Toshinao of Kururi Domain and was adopted into the domain through the intervention of the rà Âjà « Matsudaira Nobutsuna when Yoshitane died without heir. His courtesy title was Nagato-no-kami. In 1656 he conducted a comprehensive re-survey of the domain, accompanied by land reform and tax reduction and in 1668 undertook large scale development of new rice lands. He is regarded as one of the most able of the Sà Âma rulers and had good relations with officials in the shogunate administration. He died of illness at Nakamura Castle in 1673.
was the 4th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 20th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the eldest son of Sà Âma Tadatane. His wife was a daughter of Itakura Shigenori. He became daimyà  in 1673 on the death of his father, and received the courtesy title of Dewa-no-kami. He died six years later in 1679 without and heir, and the domain passed to his younger brother Masatane.
was the 5th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 21st hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. As his older brother Sadatane had died without heir, he was posthumously appointed successor. He was received in formal audience to Shogun Tokugawa Ietsuna and received the courtesy title of Danjà Â-shà Âhitsu. From 1689 to 1690 he served as a sobayà Ânin to Shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi. He retired from public life in February 1701, living in rural seclusion to his death at the age of 68 in 1728.
was the 6th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 22nd hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the second son of Satake Yoshizumi of Kubota Domain and his mother was the daughter of Matsudaira Naomasa of Matsue Domain. He married the daughter of Sà Âma Masatane when he was adopted as heir. He was presented in formal audience to Shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi as the son of Satake Yoshizumi in December 1692, and was adopted into the Sà Âma clan in July 1696. After a second audience with Shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi in December 1696, he was granted the courtesy title of Zushà Â-no-kami. He became daimyà  in February 1701 on his Masatane's retirement. In 1708, his courtesy title was changed to Nagato-no-kami. He retired a year later in 1709, turning the domain over to Masatane's real son, Takatane and died in 1711 at the age of 35.
was the 7th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 23rd hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the second son of Sà Âma Masatane by a concubine. His wife was a daughter of Honda Yasuyoshi of Zeze Domain. In 1696, the childless Masatane adopted Nobutane, a younger son from the Satake clan, as his heir, but Takatane was born the following year. In order to restore the line of succession, Takatane was adopted by Nobutane in December 1708. He was presented in formal audience to Shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi and became daimyà  shortly afterwards on Nobutane's retirement. He was granted the courtesy title Sanuki-no-kami in 1719. He adopted Nobutane's son Tokutane has heir in December 1708. In 1728, he was reprimanded with a reduction in his courtesy title to Danjà Â-shà Âhitsu. In 1752 Tokutane died before taking office, and his son Morotane was named heir. In May 1765 Takatane retired. He died in 1772.
was the 8th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 24th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the third son of Sà Âma Tokutane, the son of Nobutune. His wife was a daughter of Aoyama Yoshihide of Miyazu Domain. In January 1751 named Tokutane's heir, and was presented in formal audience to shà Âgun Tokugawa Ieshige a month later. The following year, he was appointed Sà Âma Takatane's heir and was granted the courtesy title of Sanuki-no-kami. He became daimyà  in May 1765 on the retirement of Sà Âma Takatane, and his courtesy title was changed to Inaba-no-kami in September 1775. He retired from public life in December 1783, turning his titles over to his son Yoshitane. He died in Nakamura in 1791 at the age of 57.
was the 9th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 25th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the third son of Sà Âma Morotane. Although he was born in 1765, when he was appointed heir to the domain in 1774, the clan reported his birth year to have been 1761, so that he would not be considered to be underage. His eldest brother had died in infancy, and his second eldest brother was sickly, and not considered a suitable heir. He was presented in formal audience to shà Âgun Tokugawa Ieharu in June 1775 and granted the courtesy title of Sanuki-no-kami. He became daimyà  in 1783 on the retirement of his father, and his courtesy title was changed to Inaba-no-kami. The following year, the Great Tenmei famine struck the domain, which was forced to borrow 5000 ryà  from the shogunate; however, most of this money was misappropriated by corrupt officials and many people in the domain starved. The domain was unable to repay the loan as agreed, and Yoshitane was ordered to step down in favor of his son Muratane. He was also reprimanded by a reduction in courtesy title to Danjà Â-shà Âhitsu. He died in 1816.
was the 10th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 26th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the eldest son of Sà Âma Yoshitane, and his mother was a daughter of Matsudaira (Sakurai) Tadatsugu of Amagasaki Domain. He was presented in formal audience to shà Âgun Tokugawa Ienari in November 1798 and granted the courtesy title of Sanuki-no-kami. He became daimyà  in 1801 on the death of his father, and his courtesy title was changed to Inaba-no-kami. He retired from public life in November 1813. As his only son had died in childhood, he turned his titles over to his younger brother, Sà Âma Masutane. He died in 1839.
was the 11th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 27th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the fourth son of Sà Âma Yoshitane. His wife was a daughter of Matsudaira Yoriyoshi of Moriyama Domain. In September 1813, he was formally adopted by his elder brother Muratane as heir. He was presented in formal audience to Shogun Tokugawa Ienari in October 1813 and became daimyà  one month later. His courtesy title was Nagato-no-kami. From 1817, he took steps to reform the domain's finances, and he retired in March 1835 in favor of his eldest son, Michitane. He died in 1845.
was the 12th daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 28th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the eldest son of Sà Âma Masutane. His wife was a daughter of Yanagisawa Yasuhiro of Yamato-Kà Âriyama Domain. In February 1833, he was presented in formal audience to shà Âgun Tokugawa Ienari and subsequently received the courtesy title of Daizen-no-suke. He became daimyà  on the retirement of his father in March 1835. He took steps to reform the domain by introducing the theories of Ninomiya Sontoku. In May 1864, he was advised to Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade and Daizen Daifu. He retired from public life in April 1865. He surrendered the domain to Imperial forces during the Boshin War of the Meiji Restoration, and was received in audience by Emperor Meiji in May, 1870. He was advanced to Third Rank on his death in 1922.
was the 13th and final daimyà  of Sà Âma-Nakamura Domain and the 29th hereditary chieftain of the Sà Âma clan. He was the younger brother of Sà Âma Michitane. He had the courtesy title of "Inaba-no-kami" under the Tokugawa shogunate, and his court rank was elevated the Fourth Rank with the kazoku peerage title of viscount under the Meiji government. His wife was the daughter of Toda Mitsuhisa of Matsumoto Domain. Toshitane was the second son of Sà Âma Masutane, and was appointed heir to Michitane in 1858. He was presented in formal audience to shà Âgun Tokugawa Ieshige in March 1865, and became daimyà  when his brother retired a few months later. During the Bakumatsu period, he initially attempted to remain neutral in the Boshin War, as the domain had negligible military forces. However, after the defeat of the Tokugawa forces at the Battle of TobaâÂÂFushimi in February 1868, he was pressured by his more powerful neighbors (including Iwakitaira Domain and Sendai Domain into joining the à Âuetsu Reppan Dà Âmei. The Satchà  Alliance forced advanced through the Hamadà Âri region and captured Sà Âma Nakamura Castle with only token resistance a few months later. Under the new Meiji government, he was appointed Domain governor in June 1868, and was advanced to Fifth Court Rank. In 1871, with the abolition of the han system, he was relieved of his post.
On 14 April 1879, Tomotane was placed under house arrest by the government, after family members filed a petition accusing him of mental instability. On 10 December 1885, one of his former retainers, Nishigori Takekiyo, filed a lawsuit accusing these relatives, led by Toshitane's younger brother, SÃ Âma Aritane, of having made false charges leading to Tomotane's incarceration, for the purposes of embezzling the monies of the former domain. This created what came to be called the "SÃ Âma Incident" and was a major scandal of the early Meiji period. The SÃ Âma clan hired the famous lawyer Hoshi TÃ Âru to defend their case, which went on for years, as the legal definition of insanity and the qualifications necessary for a doctor to declare a person mentally incompetent were not yet defined in Japanese jurisprudence. On Tomotane's death in 1892, Nishigori accused the defendants of having murdered him by poison. However, after an autopsy failed to find any evidence, Nishikori was countersued for slander and was sentenced to four years in prison.