The Shire of Upper Gascoyne is a local government area in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia, inland from Carnarvon and about north of the state capital, Perth. The Shire has an area of , much of which is uninhabited land or sparsely vegetated sheep station country, and its seat of government is the small town of Gascoyne Junction. It has a population of 170 (2021 census), 56% of whom identify as Aboriginal.
The Upper Gascoyne Road District was gazetted on 10 February 1887. On 1 July 1961, it became a Shire under the Local Government Act 1960, which reformed all remaining road districts into shires. The original Road Board office is now a heritage-listed site.
The shire is divided into 3 wards, each with two councillors:
The towns and localities of the Shire of Upper Gascoyne with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census:
, 19 places are heritage-listed in the Shire of Upper Gascoyne, of which one is on the State Register of Heritage Places, the Upper Gascoyne Road Board Office in Gascoyne Junction.