The Shire of Buninyong was a local government area south and southeast of the regional city of Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1858 until 1994.
Buninyong was first incorporated as a road district on 9 July 1858, and became a shire on 18 February 1864. On 1 October 1915, it absorbed the Borough of Buninyong, which had been created on 15 July 1859.
On 6 May 1994, the Shire of Buninyong was abolished, and was split between the newly created City of Ballarat and Shire of Moorabool. A small section near Grenville was transferred to the newly created Golden Plains Shire.
The Shire of Buninyong was divided into three ridings, each of which elected three councillors:
<small>* Council seat.</small>
<small>* Estimate in 1958 Victorian Year Book.</small>