Sergei Yaroshenko (born 6 April 1977) is a Ukrainian former professional tennis player.
Yaroshenko, a left-handed player from Nova Kakhovka, reached a best singles world ranking of 356 and was a member of the Ukraine Davis Cup team between 1996 and 2005. He registered four Davis Cup singles wins, including a five set win over the Ivory Coast's Valentin Sanon in the fifth and deciding rubber of a 2003 tie. His performances on tour included an ITF Futures title in 2001 and a quarter-final appearance at the Prague Challenger in 2004.