The Serbian Guard () was a Serbian paramilitary active in the Croatian War with close ties to the Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO). Eighty percent of the guard's members were members of the SPO. The paramilitary was formed by SPO official Vuk Draà ¡koviàand his wife Danica Draà ¡koviÃÂ, along with ÃÂorÃÂe Boà ¾oviàand Branislav MatiÃÂ.
The paramilitary unit's training camp was located near Bor Lake in Serbia. It participated in clashes in Croatia near the town of GospiÃÂ. Elements of the unit also participated in the Bosnian War. The Serbian Guard was the smallest and weakest of all the Serb para-military groups operating in the early 1990s, and was the first to be disbanded. Vuk Draà ¡koviÃÂ, a prominent intellectual in a society that idolised intellectuals, had emerged by 1990 as the best known political opponent of the Serb leader Slobodan Miloà ¡eviàand ran against him in the 1990 election. Consequently, Draà ¡koviÃÂ's attempt in 1991 to set up a para-military group was opposed and hindered by the Serb authorities at every turn. The German political scientist Klaus Schlichte wrote that Draà ¡koviàis "...an impulsive, emotional character, whose political strength lay in his rhetorical gifts rather than in his organizational and strategic capabilities". Schlichte wrote under Max Weber's typology of leadership, Draà ¡koviàwould be considered a demagogue rather than as a bureaucratic leader. Schlichte wrote that Draà ¡koviàlent his name and prestige to the group, but others provided the actual operational leadership.
The majority of the members of the Serbian Guard came from the tough working class Voà ¾dovac district of Belgrade, and most were connected with the Voà ¾dovac gang that dominated organised crime in the Voà ¾dovac district in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Draà ¡koviàseems to have turned to the Voà ¾dovac gang as the only way to get around the attempts of the Serb authorities to prevent him from setting up his own para-military group. The men who dominated the Serbian Guard was Branislav MatiÃÂ, the owner of an used car dealership in Belgrade with extensive connections to organised crime and who was a prominent campaign donator to Draà ¡koviÃÂ's Serbian Renewal Movement. Matiàselected his friend, the gangster ÃÂorÃÂe Boà ¾oviÃÂ, to serve as the Guard's commander.
ÃÂorÃÂe Boà ¾oviàwas the unit's first commander, but was killed in action near GospiÃÂ. Some people have alleged that Boà ¾oviÃÂ's death was an act of "friendly fire" orchestrated by the Republic of Serbian Krajina government. The unit's chief financier Branislav Matiàwas gunned down on 4 August 1991 in Belgrade. After the death of Boà ¾oviÃÂ, the unit was taken over by Branislav LainoviÃÂ. Popular rumor in Belgrade had it that Matiàand Boà ¾oviàhad been killed by the SBD security service as a way to cripple the Serbian Guard.
The Serbian Guard had its own uniforms and ranks during its brief existence. After the deaths of Boà ¾oviàand MatiÃÂ, the Serbian Guard fell apart in the fall of 1991, thought the group lingered on for several years afterwards, having a shadowy existence as an organised crime group. Draà ¡koviàwas harassed and imprisoned several times by the Miloà ¡eviàregime and largely ceased to have an active involvement in the Serbian Guard. All the leading figures in the Voà ¾dovac gang were killed over the course of 1993-1994 without the police making a single arrest in any of these murders. With the liquidation of the Voà ¾dovac gang as a force in the Belgrade underworld, the Serbian Guard ceased to exist. Schlichte wrote in Weberian terms, the Serbian Guard was an "zweckverein", an loose alliance of interests rather a formally organised group, which was reflected in its military failures during the Croatian war of 1991. Schlichte wrote that Draà ¡koviàwas an oppositional politician and intellectual who unwisely allied himself with an organised crime group in an attempt to win military glory that would booster his chances against Miloà ¡eviàwhile the Voà ¾dovac gang likewise wanted to set up para-military group to win political cover for their criminal activities. Beyond the divergent aims of the group's leaders, the Miloà ¡eviàregime was implacably hostile towards Draà ¡koviàhaving his own para-military group that might one day challenge the Serbian state.
Yugoslavian colonel general Nebojà ¡a Pavkoviàhas called for Draà ¡koviàto be tried for his role in the guard's formation. Having a pro-opposition political stance, the guard was never favoured by the government of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Yugoslav security services.