Scutiger is a genus of toads in the family Megophryidae. Common name lazy toads has been coined for them. They occur in China, Burma, Nepal, and northern India in high-altitude habitats. Most are endemic to China.
Evolution
A 2017 molecular phylogenetic study found that Scutiger originated in Paleo-Tibet during the Oligocene.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus Scutiger:
- Scutiger adungensis <small>Dubois, 1979</small> – Adung lazy toad
- Scutiger bhutanensis <small>Delorme and Dubois, 2001</small>
- Scutiger boulengeri <small>(Bedriaga, 1898)</small> – Boulenger's lazy toad, Xizang alpine toad, Himalayan stream frog
- Scutiger brevipes <small>(Liu, 1950)</small>
- Scutiger chintingensis <small>Liu and Hu, 1960</small> – Chinting lazy toad, Chinting alpine toad
- Scutiger ghunsa <small>Khatiwada, Shu, Subedi, Wang, Ohler, Cannatella, Xie, and Jiang, 2019</small> – Ghunsa high altitude toad
- Scutiger glandulatus <small>(Liu, 1950)</small> – Hopachai lazy toad, chest gland cat-eyed toad
- Scutiger gongshanensis <small>Yang and Su, 1979</small> – Gongshan lazy toad, Gongshan cat-eyed toad
- Scutiger jiulongensis <small>Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 1995</small> – Jiulong cat-eyed toad
- Scutiger liupanensis <small>Huang, 1985</small> – Liupan lazy toad, Liupan alpine toad
- Scutiger maculatus <small>(Liu, 1950)</small> – spotted lazy toad, piebald alpine toad
- Scutiger mammatus <small>(Günther, 1896)</small> – Tungsolo lazy toad
- Scutiger muliensis <small>Fei and Ye, 1986</small> – Muli cat-eyed toad
- Scutiger nepalensis <small>Dubois, 1974</small> – Nepal lazy toad, mountain pelobatid toad, Asiatic spadefoot toad
- Scutiger ningshanensis <small>Fang, 1985</small> – Ningshan lazy toad, Ningshan alpine toad
- Scutiger nyingchiensis <small>Fei, 1977</small> – Nyingchi lazy toad, Ladakh pelobatid toad, Nyingshi alpine toad
- Scutiger occidentalis <small>Dubois, 1978</small> – Ladakh high altitude toad
- Scutiger pingwuensis <small>Liu and Tian, 1978</small> – Pingwu lazy toad, Pingwu alpine toad
- Scutiger sikimmensis <small>(Blyth, 1855)</small> – Sikkim lazy toad, Sikkim high altitude toad, Blyth's short-limbed frog
- Scutiger spinosus <small>Jiang, Wang, Li, and Che, 2016</small> – spiny lazy toad
- Scutiger tengchongensis <small>Yang & Huang, 2019</small>
- Scutiger tuberculatus <small>Liu and Fei, 1979</small> – bumpy lazy toad, round-tubercled cat-eyed toad
- Scutiger wanglangensis <small>Ye and Fei, 2007</small> – Wanglang alpine toad
- Scutiger wuguanfui <small>Jiang, Rao, Yuan, Wang, Li, Hou, Che, and Che, 2012</small> – Wu's lazy toad, Medog lazy toad
Endemic ranges
Many Scutiger species are endemic to highly restricted geographical areas in the Eastern Himalayas. The ranges often overlap with those of Oreolalax species.
- Ningxia, China
- Scutiger liupanensis: , Jingyuan County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- Shaanxi, China
- Scutiger ningshanensis: Ningshan County, Shaanxi
- Sichuan, China
- Scutiger brevipes: Dawu County, Sichuan
- Scutiger chintingensis: Mount Emei area, Sichuan
- Scutiger jiulongensis: Jiulong County, Sichuan
- Scutiger maculatus: Garze, Sichuan and Jiangda, Tibet
- Scutiger muliensis: Muli County, Sichuan
- Scutiger pingwuensis: Pingwu County, Sichuan
- Scutiger wanglangensis: Sichuan
- Yunnan, China
- Scutiger gongshanensis: Gongshan County, Yunnan
- Tibet
- Scutiger maculatus: Garze, Sichuan and Jiangda, Tibet
- Scutiger nyingchiensis: Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet
- Scutiger spinosus: Medog County, Tibet and Tawang District, Arunachal Pradesh
- Scutiger wuguanfui: Medog County, Tibet
- Bhutan
- Scutiger bhutanensis: Bhutan
- Sikkim, India
- Scutiger sikimmensis: Sikkim, India
References
Further reading