Isotopes of scandium

Naturally-occurring scandium (₂₁Sc) is composed of one stable isotope, ⁴⁵Sc. Twenty-six radioisotopes have been characterized from ³⁷Sc to ⁶³Sc, with the most stable being ⁴⁶Sc with a half-life of 83.76 days, ⁴⁷Sc with a half-life of 3.3492 days, ⁴⁸Sc at 43.67 hours, ⁴⁴Sc at 4.042 hours, and ⁴³Sc at 3.891 hours. All other radioisotopes isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, and the majority of these shorter than 15 seconds. This element also has 13 meta states with the most stable being ^44m3Sc (t_1/2 = 58.6 h); this is the lightest isotope with a long-lived isomer.

The primary decay mode at masses lower than the only stable isotope, ⁴⁵Sc, is beta-plus or electron capture, and the primary mode at masses above it is beta-minus. The primary decay products at atomic weights below ⁴⁵Sc are calcium isotopes and the primary products from higher atomic weights are titanium isotopes.

Scandium-44 has potential medical use for PET imaging.

List of isotopes

|-id=Scandium-37 | ³⁷Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 16 | 37.00376(44) | | p | ³⁶Ca | | |-id=Scandium-38 | ³⁸Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 17 | 37.995002(15) | | p | ³⁷Ca | | |-id=Scandium-39 | ³⁹Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 18 | 38.984785(26) | | p | ³⁸Ca | 7/2−# | |-id=Scandium-40 | rowspan=3|⁴⁰Sc | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 21 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 19 | rowspan=3|39.9779673(30) | rowspan=3|182.3(7)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ (99.54%) | ⁴⁰Ca | rowspan=3|4− | rowspan=3| |- | β⁺, p (0.44%) | ³⁹K |- | β⁺, α (0.017%) | ³⁶Ar |-id=Scandium-41 | ⁴¹Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 20 | 40.969251163(83) | 596.3(17)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁴¹Ca | 7/2− | |-id=Scandium-42 | ⁴²Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 21 | 41.96551669(17) | 680.72(26)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁴²Ca | 0+ | |-id=Scandium-42m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^42mSc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 616.81(6)&nbsp;keV | 61.7(4)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁴²Ca | 7+ | |-id=Scandium-43 | ⁴³Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 22 | 42.9611504(20) | 3.891(12)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁴³Ca | 7/2− | |-id=Scandium-43m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^43m1Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 151.79(8)&nbsp;keV | 438(5)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁴³Sc | 3/2+ | |-id=Scandium-43m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^43m2Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3123.73(15)&nbsp;keV | 472(3)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁴³Sc | 19/2− | |-id=Scandium-44 | ⁴⁴Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 23 | 43.9594028(19) | 4.0421(25)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁴⁴Ca | 2+ | |-id=Scandium-44m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^44m1Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 67.8679(14)&nbsp;keV | 154.8(8)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁴⁴Sc | 1− | |-id=Scandium-44m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^44m2Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 146.1914(20)&nbsp;keV | 51.0(3)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁴⁴Sc | 0− | |-id=Scandium-44m3 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^44m3Sc | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 271.240(10)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|58.61(10)&nbsp;h | IT (98.80%) | ⁴⁴Sc | rowspan=2| 6+ | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (1.20%) | ⁴⁴Ca |-id=Scandium-45 | ⁴⁵Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 24 | 44.95590705(71) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 7/2− | 1.0000 |-id=Scandium-45m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^45mSc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 12.40(5)&nbsp;keV | 318(7)&nbsp;ms | IT | ⁴⁵Sc | 3/2+ | |-id=Scandium-46 | ⁴⁶Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 25 | 45.95516703(72) | 83.757(14)&nbsp;d | β^− | ⁴⁶Ti | 4+ | |-id=Scandium-46m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^46m1Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 52.011(1)&nbsp;keV | 9.4(8)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁴⁶Sc | 6+ | |-id=Scandium-46m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^46m2Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 142.528(7)&nbsp;keV | 18.75(4)&nbsp;s | IT | ⁴⁶Sc | 1− | |-id=Scandium-47 | ⁴⁷Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 26 | 46.9524024(21) | 3.3492(6)&nbsp;d | β^− | ⁴⁷Ti | 7/2− | |-id=Scandium-47m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^47mSc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 766.83(9)&nbsp;keV | 272(8)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁴⁷Sc | (3/2)+ | |-id=Scandium-48 | ⁴⁸Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 27 | 47.9522229(53) | 43.67(9)&nbsp;h | β^− | ⁴⁸Ti | 6+ | |-id=Scandium-49 | ⁴⁹Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 28 | 48.9500132(24) | 57.18(13)&nbsp;min | β^− | ⁴⁹Ti | 7/2− | |-id=Scandium-50 | ⁵⁰Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 29 | 49.9521874(27) | 102.5(5)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁵⁰Ti | 5+ | |-id=Scandium-50m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^50mSc | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 256.895(10)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|350(40)&nbsp;ms | IT (>99%) | ⁵⁰Sc | rowspan=2|2+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^− (<1%) | ⁵⁰Ti |-id=Scandium-51 | ⁵¹Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 30 | 50.9535688(27) | 12.4(1)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁵¹Ti | (7/2)− | |-id=Scandium-52 | ⁵²Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 31 | 51.9564962(33) | 8.2(2)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁵²Ti | 3(+) | |-id=Scandium-53 | ⁵³Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 32 | 52.958379(19) | 2.4(6)&nbsp;s | β^− | ⁵³Ti | (7/2−) | |-id=Scandium-54 | rowspan=2|⁵⁴Sc | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 21 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 33 | rowspan=2|53.963029(15) | rowspan=2|526(15)&nbsp;ms | β^− (84%) | ⁵⁴Ti | rowspan=2|(3)+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (16%) | ⁵³Ti |-id=Scandium-54m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^54mSc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 110.5(3)&nbsp;keV | 2.77(2)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁵⁴Sc | (5+,4+) | |-id=Scandium-55 | rowspan=2|⁵⁵Sc | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 21 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34 | rowspan=2|54.966890(67) | rowspan=2|96(2)&nbsp;ms | β^− (83%) | ⁵⁵Ti | rowspan=2|(7/2)− | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (17%) | ⁵⁴Ti |-id=Scandium-56 | ⁵⁶Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 35 | 55.97261(28) | 26(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁵⁶Ti | (1+) | |-id=Scandium-56m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^56m1Sc | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(100)#&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|75(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− (<88%) | ⁵⁶Ti | rowspan=2|(6+,5+) | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (>12%) | ⁵⁵Ti |-id=Scandium-56m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^56m2Sc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 775.0(1)&nbsp;keV | 290(17)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁵⁶Sc | (4+) | |-id=Scandium-57 | ⁵⁷Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 36 | 56.97705(19) | 22(2)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁵⁷Ti | 7/2−# | |-id=Scandium-58 | ⁵⁸Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 37 | 57.98338(20) | 12(5)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ⁵⁸Ti | 3+# | |-id=Scandium-58m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^58mSc | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1420.7(22)&nbsp;keV | 0.60(13)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁵⁸Sc | | |-id=Scandium-59 | ⁵⁹Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 38 | 58.98837(27) | 12#&nbsp;ms<br>[>620&nbsp;ns] | | | 7/2−# | |-id=Scandium-60 | ⁶⁰Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 39 | 59.99512(54)# | 10#&nbsp;ms<br>[>620&nbsp;ns] | | | 3+# | |-id=Scandium-61 | ⁶¹Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 40 | 61.00054(64)# | 7#&nbsp;ms<br>[>620&nbsp;ns] | | | 7/2-# | |-id=Scandium-62 | ⁶²Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 41 | 62.00785(64)# | 2#&nbsp;ms<br>[>400&nbsp;ns] | | | | |-id=Scandium-63 | ⁶³Sc | style="text-align:right" | 21 | style="text-align:right" | 42 | 63.01403(75)# | 1#&nbsp;ms | | | 7/2−# |

See also

Daughter products other than scandium

• Isotopes of titanium
• Isotopes of calcium
• Isotopes of potassium
• Isotopes of argon

References