Sargocentron is a genus of squirrelfish (family Holocentridae) found in tropical parts of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, with the greatest species diversity near reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Being largely or entirely nocturnal, they have relatively large eyes. Red and silvery colours dominate. The preopercle spines (near the gill-opening) are venomous and can give painful wounds. Most have a maximum length of , but S. iota barely reaches , and S. spiniferum can reach more than .
Species
There are currently 31 recognized species in this genus:
- Sargocentron borodinoensis <small>Kotlyar, 2017</small>
- Sargocentron bullisi <small>(Woods, 1955)</small> (Deep-water squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron caudimaculatum <small>(Rüppell, 1838)</small> (Silver-spot squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron cornutum <small>(Bleeker, 1854)</small> (Three-spot squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron diadema <small>(Lacépède, 1802)</small> (Crown squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron dorsomaculatum <small>(Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1979)</small> (Spot-fin squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron ensifer <small>(D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1903)</small> (Yellow-striped squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron hastatum <small>(G. Cuvier, 1829)</small> (Red squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron hormion <small>J. E. Randall, 1998</small>
- Sargocentron inaequalis <small>J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1985</small> (Lattice squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron iota <small>J. E. Randall, 1998</small> (Dwarf squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron ittodai <small>(D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1902)</small> (Samurai squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron lepros <small>(G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1983)</small> (Spiny squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron macrosquamis <small>Golani, 1984</small> (Big-scale squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron marisrubri <small>J. E. Randall, Golani & Diamant, 1989</small>
- Sargocentron megalops <small>J. E. Randall, 1998</small>
- Sargocentron melanospilos <small>(Bleeker, 1858)</small> (Black-blotch squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron microstoma <small>(Günther, 1859)</small> (Small-mouth squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron poco <small>(Woods, 1965)</small> (Saddle squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron praslin <small>(Lacépède, 1802)</small> (Dark-striped squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron punctatissimum <small>(G. Cuvier, 1829)</small> (Speckled squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron rubrum <small>(ForsskÃÂ¥l, 1775)</small> (Red-coat squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron seychellense <small>(J. L. B. Smith & M. M. Smith, 1963)</small> (Yellow-tipped squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron shimizui <small>J. E. Randall, 1998</small> (Shimizu's squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron spiniferum <small>(ForsskÃÂ¥l, 1775)</small> (Sabre squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron spinosissimum <small>(Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)</small> (North Pacific squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron tiere <small>(G. Cuvier, 1829)</small> (Blue-lined squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron tiereoides <small>(Bleeker, 1853)</small> (Pink squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron violaceum <small>(Bleeker, 1853)</small> (Violet squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron wilhelmi <small>(F. de Buen, 1963)</small> (Wilhelm's squirrelfish)
- Sargocentron xantherythrum <small>(D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1903)</small> (Hawaiian squirrelfish)
References