Citharichthys is a genus of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family, Paralichthyidae. They have both eyes on the left sides of their heads. They are native to the oceans around the Americas, with a single species, C. stampflii off the West African coast. Most are found in relatively shallow depths, but the genus also includes species found in deep water (down to at least ) and species that enter fresh water.
Various species known as sanddab, whiff, and flounder are in this genus, and the most common species is the Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus. They are a dull light-brown, and are mottled with brown or black, sometimes with yellow or orange. The largest species reaches in length.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
- Citharichthys abbotti <small>C. E. Dawson, 1969</small> (Veracruz whiff)
- Citharichthys amblybregmatus <small>Gutherz & Blackman, 1970</small>
- Citharichthys arctifrons <small>Goode, 1880</small> (Gulf Stream flounder)
- Citharichthys arenaceus <small>Evermann & M. C. Marsh, 1900</small> (sand whiff)
- Citharichthys cornutus <small>(Günther, 1880)</small> (horned whiff)
- Citharichthys darwini <small>Victor & Wellington, 2013</small> (Darwin's sanddab)
- Citharichthys dinoceros <small>Goode & T. H. Bean, 1886</small> (spined whiff)
- Citharichthys fragilis <small>C. H. Gilbert, 1890</small> (Gulf sanddab)
- Citharichthys gilberti <small>O. P. Jenkins & Evermann, 1889</small> (bigmouth sanddab)
- Citharichthys gnathus <small>Hoshino & Amaoka, 1999</small>
- Citharichthys gordae <small>Beebe & Tee-Van, 1938</small> (mimic sanddab)
- Citharichthys gymnorhinus <small>Gutherz & Blackman, 1970</small> (anglefin whiff)
- Citharichthys macrops <small>Dresel, 1885</small> (spotted whiff)
- Citharichthys mariajorisae <small>van der Heiden & Mussot-Pérez, 1995</small> (five-rayed sanddab)
- Citharichthys minutus <small>Cervigón, 1982</small>
- Citharichthys platophrys <small>C. H. Gilbert, 1891</small> (small sanddab)
- Citharichthys sordidus <small>(Girard, 1854)</small> (Pacific sanddab)
- Citharichthys spilopterus <small>Günther, 1862</small> (bay whiff)
- Citharichthys stampflii <small>(Steindachner, 1894)</small> (smooth flounder)
- Citharichthys stigmaeus <small>D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1882</small> (speckled sanddab)
- Citharichthys surinamensis <small>(Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801)</small>
- Citharichthys uhleri <small>D. S. Jorda], 1889</small> (voodoo whiff)
- Citharichthys valdezi <small>Cervigón, 1986</small>
- Citharichthys xanthostigma <small>C. H. Gilbert, 1890</small> (longfin sanddab)
References