Saá¹Âvega is a Buddhist term which indicates a sense of shock, dismay and spiritual urgency to reach liberation and escape the suffering of samsara. According to Thanissaro Bhikku, saá¹Âvega is the "first emotion you're supposed to bring to the training" and can be defined as: <blockquote>The oppressive sense of shock, dismay, and alienation that come with realizing the futility and meaninglessness of life as it's normally lived; a chastening sense of our own complacency and foolishness in having let ourselves live so blindly; and an anxious sense of urgency in trying to find a way out of the meaningless cycle.</blockquote>
Saá¹Âvega is also associated with the development of energy (viriya) and right effort, according to Buddhagosa's AtthasÃÂlinë: <blockquote>Energy has exerting as its characteristic, strengthening the co-existent states as function, and opposition to giving way as manifestation. It has been said: "He in whom saá¹Âvega is present exerts himself properly," hence energy has saá¹Âvega, or the basic condition of making energy as proximate cause. Right exertion should be regarded as the root of all attainments. - DhsA. 121</blockquote>
There are eight bases of saá¹Âvega (saá¹Âvega vatthu). They are "birth, old age, sickness, death, suffering in the woeful worlds, the round of suffering as rooted in the past, the round of suffering as rooted in the future, and the round of suffering in the search for food in the present." Saá¹Âvega can therefore be developed by practicing meditation on death (maranasati) and the charnel ground meditations as outlined in the Satipatthana sutta. In the Upajjhatthana Sutta the Buddha taught that everyone (monks and householders) should practice the five daily recollections as a way to arouse energy and saá¹Âvega.
For saá¹Âvega to be an effective drive to practice, it must be accompanied by another emotion called pasada, a "clarity and serene confidence." Pasada is what keeps saá¹Âvega from turning into nihilistic despair by providing a sense of confidence that there is a way out, namely nibbana.