The Samara () is a river in Russia and a left-bank tributary of the Volga. It flows into the Volga at the city of Samara. Its largest tributary is the Bolshoy Kinel. It is long, and its drainage basin covers .
The asteroid 26922 Samara was named on 1 June 2007 to honour the river, which has also given the city of Samara its name.
Samarabatrachus, a temnospondyl from the Lower Triassic (Induan) deposits of Borsky District, Samara Oblast, was named after this river in 2016. This animal is known by a skull of 15.3 cm in length.