Salem Township is one of twelve townships in Pulaski County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,266, and it contained 562 housing units.
Salem Township was organized in 1843, and most likely was named after Salem Township, Champaign County, Ohio, the native home of a first settler.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , all land.
The township contains these two cemeteries: Nauvoo and Roseland.
Salem Township is served by the Francesville-Salem Township Public Library in Francesville.