SAKO (PL: System Automatycznego KOdowania - EN: An Automatic Coding System) is a Polish language-based programming language written between 1959 and 1960 by a team from the ZAM division of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Originally developed for the XYZ and ZAM-2 computers, it was also ported over to the ZAM-21, ZAM-41 and the MiÃ
Âsk-22.
General features of the SAKO language:
- commands similar to sentences used in natural language
- shortening the time required to learn the principles of programming
- ease of use, which reduced coding time
- transparent program code, lowering the probability of making a mistake
It had a static address allocation. It was possible to insert code in SAS macro assembler. The compilation proceeded in two stages:
- From SAKO to simplified SAS macro assembler (SAS-W).
- From SAS-W to machine language.
The most characteristic feature of SAKO are Polish commands, e.g. CZYTAJ, SKOCZ DO. It was designed primarily for programming numerical calculations.
"Hello, world" example
References
- Prace ZakÃ
Âadu Aparatów Matematycznych PAN, "System Automatycznego Kodowania SAKO. Cz. 1, Opis jÃÂzyka", PAN â Warszawa 1961
- Leon Ã
Âukaszewicz, Antoni Mazurkiewicz "System automatycznego kodowania SAKO" ZakÃ
Âad Narodowy im. OssoliÃ
Âskich, Polish Academy of Sciences Publishing House, WrocÃ
Âaw-Warszawa-Kraków 1966
- Antoni Mazurkiewicz "Arithmetic Formulae and the Use of Subroutines in SAKO" Annual Review in Automatic Programming, Vol. 2
- Leon Ã
Âukaszewicz "SAKO â An Automatic Coding System" Annual Review in Automatic Programming, Vol. 2
- WÃ
ÂadysÃ
Âaw Turski "Some Results of Research on Automatic Programming in Eastern Europe" Advances in Computers, Vol. 5
- "Algorytmy" Vol. 1 No. 1, Institute of Mathematical Machines, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw
- CIA-RDP80T00246A011500230001-8
Citations