The Royal Castle in Poznaà  () dates from 1249 and the reign of Przemysà  I. Located in the Polish city of Poznaà Â, it was largely destroyed during the Second World War but has since been partly rebuilt.
Construction of the castle was probably started by Przemysà  I in 1249 on hill later called Góra Zamkowa (Castle Mountain, Latin mons castrenis), and now better known as Góra Przemysà Âawa (Hill of Przemysà  (or Przemysà Âaw)). The first building was a habitable tower made of bricks with a well inside, and the rest of the hill was surrounded by a rampart with a palisade. A small ducal residence was incorporated into the system of city walls in the late 13th century.
The son of Przemysà  I, Przemysà  II, hoping for reunification of Poland under his rule decided to build a larger castle, more proper for a king. In 1295 Przemysà  became king of Poland, but he was assassinated a year later. The castle was not finished. Work started by Przemysà  was continued by a branch of the Piasts from Gà Âogów ruling in Greater Poland, and finished before 1337. The castle served as the residence of Prince Casimir, then-governor of Greater Poland.
In 1337, the Royal Castle in Poznaà  was the largest castle in the Polish Kingdom, modelled after the palace of Henry I the Bearded in Legnica. The castle consisted of a tower built by Przemysà  I and a huge building (63,0 m x 17,5 m) with three levels and a basement. It is uncertain whether the castle's characteristic roof, consisting of four parts, existed at that time.
Basements served as prisons and for storage of wines, and on the ground floor there were charring rooms. Those two floors were covered by vaults. Two higher floors probably had wooden ceilings. On the edges of first floor were representative chambers, and between them were habitual rooms. The whole second floor was occupied by a chamber for 2000 guests. On the south end of the large building was a defense tower. Since the reign of Wà Âadysà Âaw I the Elbow-high the castle served as the residence of starosta generalny of Greater Poland. Later only one king, Wà Âadysà Âaw II Jagieà Âà Âo, ordered some minor work in castle.
During the fire of Poznaà  in 1536 the castle also burned. It was rebuilt in the Renaissance style by the governor of Greater Poland, Andrzej II Górka. In the next years the oldest part of castle was transformed into a kitchen. The castle was later destroyed during the Swedish invasion, sacked in 1704 by the armies of Russia and Saxony during Great Northern War, and in 1716 during Confederation of Tarnogród by the confederates. The castle was partially renovated in 1721, but it didn't stop the devastation. The last starosta generalny, Kazimierz Raczyà Âski, rebuilt the remains of the medieval buildings into an archive (finished in 1783). In 1804, after the Second Partition of Poland, the Prussians demolished the southern part of the castle, replacing it by buildings which, together with Raczyà Âski's archive served as the office of the local Regierungsbezirk. Later on the castle was also as a seat of the Court of Appeals and the State Archive (the castle served as an archive until 1939). During the battle for the Poznaà  Citadel, in February 1945, Przemysà  Hill was in line of artillery fire, and the remaining part of the castle was demolished.
In the years 1959âÂÂ1964 Raczyà Âski's archive and part of Prussian building were rebuilt, and on base of the oldest tower stands a small pavilion called the Royal Kitchen (Kuchnia Królewska). Today the Castle holds a Museum of Utilitary Art (Muzeum Sztuki Uà ¼ytkowej).
On 22 April 2002, a committee for rebuilding of the castle was founded. Still extant from previous construction are two-meter-wide supports from the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the inner walls of the basement and the western wall (up to 10 meters high) from the same period, and a slightly newer eastern wall (up to 7 or 8 meters high), now integrated into Raczyà Âski's Building. On the surviving part of the castle are three plaques: the foundation plaque of Kazimierz Raczyà Âski from 1783, one from 1993 marking the five-hundredth anniversary of homage of Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, Johann von Tiefen, and another plaque commemorating the seven-hundredth anniversary of the coronation of Przemysà  II.
On 20 December 2010, work began on the total reconstruction of the demolished parts of the castle, and meticulous restoration of the surviving buildings.
According to legend, Przemysà  Hill was created by dark powers. When Mieszko I was baptized, the Devil, angry, decided to sink the entire city of Poznaà Â. He pulled out one of the hills near Gniezno, and, with a group of demons, tried to block the flow of the Warta. However, the evil forces started to celebrate their victory too early; their noisy behavior awoke the roosters, which began to crow. The devil and his demons were so scared that they left the hill on the bank of the Warta.
Another legend is connected with the mysterious murder of Ludgarda, wife of Przemysà  II of Poland, probably strangled by servants in the bath or in her bedroom on 14 December 1283. The Duke was connected with this murder because the Duchess could not give him a son. The Foundation of the Female Monastery of Dominicans in Poznaà Â, created near the end of 1238, was said to be Przemysà Â's reconciliation for this act. However, contemporary chronicles mention only unclear circumstances of Ludgarda's death. The first clear connection of Przemysà  and this assassination is mentioned in the Chronicle of Oliwa, which is from the 14th century, and the chronicle of Ernst von Kirchberg, which dates to approximately 1370. Jan Dà Âugosz, in his chronicles, writes only about the fact that people were talking about this connection.
It has also been said that ghost of Ludgarda, seen as a White Lady, walked in the chambers and on the walls of the Royal Castle; under the walls was seen the Black Knight, who cried for the Duchess at her funeral.