There is significant disagreement over the number of true rose species. Some species are so similar that they could easily be considered varieties or even forms of a single species. Lists of rose species usually show more than 320. The range of 320 to 350 is accepted by most botanists, but as Liberty H. Bailey has pointed out, the extreme lumpers Bentham and Hooker only allowed for 30 species, while the extreme splitter Michel Gandoger allowed 4,266 species just in Europe and West Asia.
Subgenera and sections
There are currently four subgenera in Rosa, although there have been some disputes over the years. The four subgenera are:
- Hulthemia (formerly Simplicifoliae, meaning "with single leaves") containing one or two species from Southwest Asia, R. persica and R. berberifolia (syn. R. persica var. berberifolia) which are the only species without compound leaves or stipules.
- Hesperrhodos (from the Greek for "western rose") with two species, both from southwestern North America, R. minutifolia and R. stellata.
- Platyrhodon (from the Greek for "flaky rose", referring to its flaky bark) with one species from East Asia, R. roxburghii.
- Rosa (the type subgenus) containing all the other species. This subgenus is subdivided into 11 sections.
- Banksianae â white and yellow species from China
- Bracteatae â three species, two from China and one from India
- Caninae â pink and white species from Europe, Asia and North Africa
- Carolinae â white, pink and bright pink species, all from North America
- Chinensis â white, pink, yellow, red and mixed-color species from China and Burma
- Gallicanae â pink to crimson and striped species from Europe and West Asia
- Gymnocarpae â a small group distinguished by a deciduous receptacle on the hip; one species in western North America (R. gymnocarpa), the rest in East Asia
- Laevigatae â a single white species from China
- Pimpinellifoliae â white, pink, bright yellow, mauve and striped species from Europe and Asia
- Rosa (syn. sect. Cinnamomeae) â white, pink, lilac, mulberry and red species from all areas except North Africa
- Synstylae â white, pink, and crimson species from all areas
Species
The following species are accepted:
- Rosa abietina <small>Gren. ex Christ</small>
- Rosa abrica <small>Khat. & Koobaz</small>
- Rosa abutalybovii <small>Gadzh.</small>
- Rosa abyssinica <small>R.Br. ex Lindl.</small> â Abyssinian rose, Ethiopian rose, wild Ethiopian rose, African rose
- Rosa achburensis <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa acicularis <small>Lindl.</small> â wild rose, prickly rose, prickly wild rose, bristly rose, Arctic rose (Rosa)
- Rosa adenophylla <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa agrestis <small>Savi</small> â small-leaved sweet briar, field briar, fieldbriar (Caninae)
- Rosa alabukensis <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa alberti <small>Regel</small>
- Rosa alexeenkoi <small>Crép. ex Juz.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ alpestris <small>Rapin</small>
- Rosa altidaghestanica <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa amblyophylla <small>Kult.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ andegavensis <small>Bastard</small>
- Rosa arabica <small>(Crép. ex Boiss.) Déségl.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ andegavensis <small>Tchubar</small>
- Rosa arensii <small>Juz. & Galushko</small>
- Rosa arkansana <small>Porter</small> â prairie rose, wild prairie rose (Rosa)
- Rosa arvensis <small>Huds.</small> â field rose, white-flowered trailing rose, Shakespeare's musk (Synstylae)
- Rosa ÃÂ atlantica <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ avrayensis <small>Rouy & E.G.Camus</small>
- Rosa awarica <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa baiyushanensis <small>Q.L.Wang</small>
- Rosa balcarica <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa balsamica <small>Willd.</small>
- Rosa banksiae <small>R.Br.</small> â Lady Banks' rose, Banks' rose
- Rosa banksiopsis <small>Baker</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ baxanensis <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa beauvaisii <small>Cardot</small>
- Rosa beggeriana <small>Schrenk</small> â (Gymnocarpae)
- Rosa bella <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small>
- Rosa bellicosa <small>Nevski</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ belnensis <small>Ozanon</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ bengyana <small>Rouy & L.C.Lamb.</small>
- Rosa biebersteiniana <small>Tratt.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ bigeneris <small>Duffort ex Rouy</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ binaloudensis <small>Vaezi, Arjmandi & Sharghi</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ bishopii <small>Wolley-Dod</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ biturigensis <small>Boreau</small>
- Rosa blanda <small>Aiton</small> â smooth rose, meadow/wild rose, prairie rose
- Rosa boissieri <small>Crép.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ bolanderi <small>Greene</small>
- Rosa bracteata <small>J.C.Wendl.</small> â Macartney rose (Bracteatae)
- Rosa bridgesii <small>Crép. ex Rydb.</small> â pygmy rose, Sierran dwarf rose
- Rosa brotherorum <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa brunonii <small>Lindl.</small> â Himalayan musk rose (Synstylae)
- Rosa bugensis <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa buschiana <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa caesia <small>Sm.</small>
- Rosa calantha <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa calcarea <small>Lipsch. & Sumnev.</small>
- Rosa californica <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small> â California rose, California wild rose (Rosa)
- Rosa calyptopoda <small>Cardot</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ bolanderi
- Rosa ÃÂ canadensis <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa canina <small>L.</small> â dog rose (Caninae)
- Rosa carolina <small>L.</small> â Carolina rose, pasture rose, prairie rose (Carolinae)
- Rosa caryophyllacea <small>Besser</small>
- Rosa caudata <small>Baker</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ caviniacensis <small>Ozanon</small>
- Rosa àcentifolia <small>L.</small> â Provence rose, cabbage rose, Rose de Mai
- Rosa chavinii <small>Rapin ex Reut.</small>
- Rosa chengkouensis <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa chinensis <small>Jacq.</small> â Chinese rose, China rose, Bengal rose
- Rosa chionistrae <small>H.Lindb.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ churchillii <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa cinnamomea <small>L.</small> - Typ. cons.
- Rosa àclinophylla <small>Thory</small> â (Bracteatae)
- Rosa ÃÂ consanguinea <small>Gren.</small>
- Rosa corymbifera <small>Borkh.</small> â (Caninae)
- Rosa corymbulosa <small>Rolfe</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ cottetii <small>Lagger & Puget ex Cottet</small>
- Rosa coziae <small>Nyár.</small>
- Rosa cymosa <small>Tratt.</small> - elderflower rose
- Rosa cziragensis <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa daishanensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa àdamascena <small>Mill.</small> â Damask rose, Bulgarian rose, Persian rose, Taif rose, Arab rose, Ispahan rose, Castile rose
- Rosa darginica <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa davidii <small>Crép.</small> â Father David's rose (Rosa)
- Rosa davurica <small>Pall.</small>
- Rosa deqenensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa derongensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa deseglisei <small>Boreau</small>
- Rosa diplodonta <small>Dubovik</small>
- Rosa dolichocarpa <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa doluchanovii <small>Manden.</small>
- Rosa donetzica <small>Dubovik</small>
- Rosa àdryadea <small>Ripart ex Déségl.</small>
- Rosa dsharkenti <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa dubovikiae <small>Mironova</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ dulcissima <small>Lunell</small>
- Rosa àdumalis <small>Bechst.</small> â glaucous dog rose
- Rosa ÃÂ dumetorum <small>Thuill.</small>
- Rosa duplicata <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa ecae <small>Aitch.</small> â (Pimpinellifoliae)
- Rosa elymaitica <small>Boiss. & Hausskn.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ engelmannii <small>S.Watson</small>
- Rosa ermanica <small>Manden.</small>
- Rosa facsarii <small>Ker.-Nagy</small>
- Rosa fargesiana <small>Boulenger</small>
- Rosa farreri <small>Stapf ex Cox</small> â Farrer's threepenny-bit rose
- Rosa ÃÂ fernaldiorum <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa filipes <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small>
- Rosa foetida <small>Herrm.</small> â Austrian briar, Austrian copper rose, Persian yellow rose (Pimpinellifoliae)
- Rosa foliolosa <small>Nutt.</small>
- Rosa forrestiana <small>Boulenger</small>
- Rosa freitagii <small>Ziel.</small>
- Rosa fujisanensis <small>(Makino) Makino</small>
- Rosa gadzhievii <small>Chrshan. & Iskend.</small>
- Rosa gallica <small>L.</small> â Gallic rose, French rose, rose of Provins (Gallicanae)
- Rosa galushkoi <small>Demurova</small>
- Rosa gigantea <small>Collett ex Crép.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ gilmaniana <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa giraldii <small>Crép.</small>
- Rosa glabrifolia <small>C.A.Mey. ex Rupr.</small>
- Rosa glandulososetosa <small>Gadzh.</small>
- Rosa glauca <small>Pourr.</small> â red-leaved rose, redleaf rose
- Rosa ÃÂ glaucoides <small>Wolley-Dod</small>
- Rosa glomerata <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small>
- Rosa gorenkensis <small>Besser</small>
- Rosa graciliflora <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small>
- Rosa gracilipes <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ grovesii <small>(Baker) Maskew</small>
- Rosa gymnocarpa <small>Nutt.</small> â dwarf rose, wood rose, bald-hip rose (Gymnocarpae)
- Rosa ÃÂ hainesii <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ harmsiana <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa heckeliana <small>Tratt.</small>
- Rosa helenae <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small> â (Synstylae)
- Rosa hemisphaerica <small>Herrm.</small> â sulphur rose (Pimpinellifoliae)
- Rosa ÃÂ henryana <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa henryi <small>Boulenger</small>
- Rosa hezhangensis <small>T.L.Xu</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ hibernica <small>Templeton</small>
- Rosa hirtissima <small>Lonacz.</small>
- Rosa hirtula <small>(Regel) Nakai</small> â Hakone rose, sanshou-bara
- Rosa ÃÂ hodgdonii <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ housei <small>Erlanson</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ hyogoensis <small>H.Ohba & S.Akiyama</small>
- Rosa iberica <small>Steven ex M.Bieb.</small>
- Rosa iliensis <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa iljinii <small>Chrshan. ex Gadzh.</small>
- Rosa inodora <small>Fr.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ involuta <small>Sm.</small>
- Rosa irinae <small>Demurova</small>
- Rosa irysthonica <small>Manden.</small>
- Rosa isaevii <small>Gadzh. & Iskand.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ iwara <small>Siebold ex Regel</small>
- Rosa jaroschenkoi <small>Gadzh. & Iskand.</small>
- Rosa juzepczukiana <small>Vassilcz.</small>
- Rosa kamelinii <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa karaalmensis <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa kazarjanii <small>Sosn.</small>
- Rosa khasautensis <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa kokanica <small>(Regel) Regel ex Juz.</small> â (Pimpinellifoliae)
- Rosa kokijrimensis <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa koreana <small>Kom.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ kotschyana <small>Boiss.</small>
- Rosa kuhitangi <small>Nevski</small>
- Rosa kujmanica <small>Golitsin</small>
- Rosa kunmingensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa kwangtungensis <small>T.T.Yu & H.T.Tsai</small>
- Rosa kweichowensis <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa laevigata <small>Michx.</small> â Cherokee rose (Laevigatae)
- Rosa langyashanica <small>D.C.Zhang & J.Z.Shao</small>
- Rosa lasiosepala <small>F.P.Metcalf</small>
- Rosa laxa <small>Retz.</small> â (Rosa)
- Rosa leschenaultiana <small>(Thory) Wight & Arn.</small>
- Rosa lichiangensis <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa livescens <small>Besser</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ longicolla <small>Ravaud ex Rouy</small>
- Rosa longicuspis <small>Bertol.</small>
- Rosa longshoushanica <small>L.Q.Zhao & Y.Z.Zhao</small>
- Rosa lucidissima <small>H.Lév.</small>
- Rosa lucieae <small>Franch. & Rochebr. ex Crép.</small> â memorial rose
- Rosa ludingensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa macrophylla <small>Lindl.</small> â big-hip rose (Rosa)
- Rosa mairei <small>H.Lév.</small>
- Rosa majalis <small>Herrm.</small> â cinnamon rose, double cinnamon rose (Rosa)
- Rosa ÃÂ makinoana <small>H.Ohba</small>
- Rosa mandenovae <small>Gadzh.</small>
- Rosa mandonii <small>Déségl.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ margerisonii <small>F.Lees</small>
- Rosa marginata <small>Wallr.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ massiana <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa maximowicziana <small>Regel</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ medioccidentis <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa memoryae <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa mesatlantica <small>H.Lindb.</small>
- Rosa micrantha <small>Borrer ex Sm.</small> â small-flowered sweet briar
- Rosa ÃÂ mikawamontana <small>Mikanagi & H.Ohba</small>
- Rosa minutifolia <small>Engelm.</small> â small-leaved rose, Baja rose, Baja littleleaf rose (Hesperrhodos)
- Rosa ÃÂ misimensis <small>Nakai</small>
- Rosa miyiensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ molletorum <small>Hesl.-Harr.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ molliformis <small>Wolley-Dod</small>
- Rosa mollis <small>Sm.</small> â small downy-rose
- Rosa ÃÂ momiyamae <small>H.Ohba</small>
- Rosa montana <small>Chaix</small>
- Rosa morrisonensis <small>Hayata</small>
- Rosa moschata <small>Herrm.</small> â musk rose
- Rosa moyesii <small>Hemsl. & E.H.Wilson</small> â (Rosa)
- Rosa multibracteata <small>Hemsl. & E.H.Wilson</small> â (Rosa)
- Rosa multiflora <small>Thunb.</small> â multiflora rose, many-flowered rose, seven-sisters rose, Japanese rose, Eijitsu rose, baby rose, rambler rose (Synstylae)
- Rosa murielae <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small>
- Rosa nipponensis <small>Crép.</small>
- Rosa nitida <small>Willd.</small> â shining rose (Carolinae)
- Rosa ÃÂ nitidula <small>Besser</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ novae-angliae <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa nutkana <small>C.Presl</small> â Nootka rose, bristly rose, wild rose
- Rosa obtegens <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ odorata <small>(Andrews) Sweet</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ oldhamii <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ oligocarpa <small>Rydb.</small>
- Rosa omeiensis <small>Rolfe</small>
- Rosa onoei <small>Makino</small>
- Rosa orientalis <small>A.Dupont ex Ser.</small>
- Rosa osmastonii <small>Rawat & Pangtey</small>
- Rosa ossethica <small>Manden.</small>
- Rosa oxyacantha <small>M.Bieb.</small>
- Rosa oxyodon <small>Boiss.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ oxyodontoides <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ ozcelikii <small>Korkmaz & Kandemir</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ palustriformis <small>Rydb.</small>
- Rosa palustris <small>Marshall</small> â swamp rose (Carolinae)
- Rosa paniculigera <small>(Makino ex Koidz.) Momiy.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ paulii <small>Rehder</small>
- Rosa pedunculata <small>Kult.</small>
- Rosa pendulina <small>L.</small> â Alpine rose, mountain rose
- Rosa persetosa <small>Rolfe</small>
- Rosa persica <small>Michx ex Juss.</small>
- Rosa àpervirens <small>Gren. ex Crép.</small>
- Rosa phoenicia <small>Boiss.</small>
- Rosa pimpinellifolia <small>L.</small> â burnet rose
- Rosa pinetorum <small>A.Heller</small> â pine rose
- Rosa pinnatisepala <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ piptocalyx <small>Juz.</small>
- Rosa pisocarpa <small>A.Gray</small> â cluster rose, swamp rose
- Rosa platyacantha <small>Schrenk</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ polliniana <small>Spreng.</small>
- Rosa popovii <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa pouzinii <small>Tratt.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ praegeri <small>Wolley-Dod</small>
- Rosa praelucens <small>Bijh.</small>
- Rosa praetermissa <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa prattii <small>Hemsl.</small>
- Rosa pricei <small>Hayata</small>
- Rosa primula <small>Boulenger</small> â incense rose (Pimpinellifoliae)
- Rosa prokhanovii <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa pseudobanksiae <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa àpseudorusticana <small>Crép. ex W.M.Rogers</small>
- Rosa pseudoscabriuscula <small>(R.Keller) Henker & G.Schulze</small>
- Rosa pubicaulis <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ pulcherrima <small>Koidz.</small>
- Rosa pulverulenta <small>M.Bieb.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ reversa <small>Waldst. & Kit.</small>
- Rosa rhaetica <small>Gremli</small>
- Rosa roopiae <small>Lonacz.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ rothschildii <small>Druce</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ rouyana <small>Duffort ex Rouy</small>
- Rosa roxburghii <small>Tratt.</small> â chestnut rose, burr rose (Platyrhodon)
- Rosa rubiginosa <small>L.</small> â sweetbriar rose, sweet briar, sweet brier, eglantine (Caninae)
- Rosa rubus <small>H.Lév. & Vaniot</small>
- Rosa rugosa <small>Thunb.</small> â rugosa rose, beach rose, Japanese rose, Ramanas rose, letchberry (Rosa)
- Rosa russanovii <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ sabinii <small>J.Woods</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ salaevensis <small>Rapin</small>
- Rosa sambucina <small>Koidz.</small>
- Rosa saturata <small>Baker</small>
- Rosa saundersiae <small>Rolfe</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ scabriuscula <small>Winch ex Sm.</small>
- Rosa schergiana <small>Boiss.</small>
- Rosa schrenkiana <small>Crép.</small>
- Rosa sempervirens <small>L.</small> â evergreen rose (Synstylae)
- Rosa serafinii <small>Viv.</small>
- Rosa sericea <small>Lindl.</small> â silky rose (Pimpinellifoliae)
- Rosa sertata <small>Rolfe</small>
- Rosa setigera <small>Michx.</small> â climbing rose, climbing wild rose, prairie rose (Synstylae)
- Rosa setipoda <small>Hemsl. & E.H.Wilson</small>
- Rosa shangchengensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa sherardii <small>Davies</small>
- Rosa sikangensis <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa sinobiflora <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa sogdiana <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa soulieana <small>Crép.</small> â (Synstylae)
- Rosa ÃÂ spinulifolia <small>Dematra</small>
- Rosa spithamea <small>S.Watson</small>
- Rosa squarrosa <small>(A.Rau) Boreau</small>
- Rosa stellata <small>Wooton</small> â star rose, desert rose, gooseberry rose (Hesperrhodos)
- Rosa stylosa <small>Desv.</small>
- Rosa subbuschiana <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ suberecta <small>(Woods) Ley</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ suberectiformis <small>Wolley-Dod</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ subpomifera <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa taiwanensis <small>Nakai</small>
- Rosa taronensis <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa teberdensis <small>Chrshan.</small>
- Rosa terscolensis <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa tianschanica <small>Juz.</small>
- Rosa tibetica <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa tlaratensis <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ toddiae <small>Wolley-Dod</small>
- Rosa tomentosa <small>Sm.</small> â harsh downy-rose
- Rosa transcaucasica <small>Manden.</small>
- Rosa transmorrisonensis <small>Hayata</small>
- Rosa tschimganica <small>Raikova ex Sumnev.</small>
- Rosa tsinlingensis <small>Pax & K.Hoffm.</small>
- Rosa tunquinensis <small>Crép.</small>
- Rosa turcica <small>Rouy</small>
- Rosa turkestanica <small>Regel</small>
- Rosa uniflora <small>Galushko</small>
- Rosa uniflorella <small>Buzunova</small>
- Rosa usischensis <small>Husseinov</small>
- Rosa vassilczenkoi <small>Tkatsch.</small>
- Rosa àverticillacantha <small>Mérat</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ victoriana <small>W.H.Lewis</small>
- Rosa villosa <small>L.</small> â apple rose
- Rosa virginiana <small>Mill.</small> â Virginia rose, common wild rose, prairie rose
- Rosa ÃÂ vituperabilis <small>Duffort ex Rouy</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ waitziana <small>Waitz ex Tratt.</small>
- Rosa ÃÂ warleyensis <small>E.Willm.</small>
- Rosa webbiana <small>Wall. ex Royle</small> â Webb's rose, thorny rose, prairie rose
- Rosa weisiensis <small>T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa willmottiae <small>Hemsl.</small> â Miss Willmott's rose, Willmott's rose (Gymnocarpae)
- Rosa woodsii <small>Lindl.</small> â Woods' rose, interior rose, mountain rose, pear-hip rose, common wild rose, prairie rose
- Rosa xanthina <small>Lindl.</small> â yellow rose, Manchu rose
- Rosa zalana <small>Wiesb.</small>
- Rosa zaramagensis <small>Demurova</small>
- Rosa zhongdianensis <small>T.C.Ku</small>
- Rosa zuvandica <small>Gadzh.</small>
See also
References
External links