The Romanian pavilion houses Romania's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals.
Background
Organization and building
The pavilion was designed by Brenno Del Giudice in 1932 and built by 1938 as part of a complex on the Giardini's Sant'Elena Island. The buildings, originally allocated to Sweden and Greece, were respectively transferred to Yugoslavia and Romania.
The interior was planned under the attention of Nicolae Iorga. It was initially designed as an art salon with three rooms (the main, tall show room being flanked by two smaller ones) and it stayed like that until 1962, when the walls were demolished, uniting the three rooms into one single salon. The initial architecture was recreated in 2015, albeit temporarily, by architect Attila Kim for Adrian Ghenie's Darwin's Room. Since 1997, the Romanian Institute for Culture and Research in Humanities (also known as Casa Romena di Venezia, based in Palazzo Correr) has hosted intermittently parallel exhibitions representing Romania at the Venice Biennale.
Representation by year
Art
- 1907 â First participation of a Romanian artist in the Venice Biennale: Frederic Storck
- 1924 â Central Pavilion, Rooms XIX and XX. Group exhibition. Paintings by Ion Andreescu, Marius Bunescu, Cecilia CuÃÂescu-Storck, Niculina Delavrancea-Dona, ÃÂtefan Dimitrescu, Dumitru GhiaÃÂÃÂ, Lucian Grigorescu, Nicolae Grigorescu, Doru I. Ionescu, Kimon Loghi, ÃÂtefan Luchian, Samuel Mützner, Rodica Maniu, G. Marinescu-Vâlsan, George Demetrescu Mirea, G. Moscu, Theodor Pallady, George PetraÃÂcu, Costin Petrescu, ÃÂtefan Popescu, Camil Ressu, Jean Al. Steriadi, EustaÃÂiu Stoenescu, Ipolit Strâmbu, Nicolae Tonitza, Nicolae Vermont, Arthur Verona. Sculptures by: Constantin BrâncuÃÂi, Oscar Han, Ion Jalea, Cornel Medrea, D.D. Mirea, Dimitrie Paciurea, (TalpoÃÂin Alexandru) Severin, Oscar Spaethe, Frederic Storck. General Commissioner for Romania: Gian Battista Bombardella. Organizing Artistic Committee: A.G. Verona and I.D. ÃÂtefÃÂnescu.
- 1938 â Official inauguration of the Romanian Pavilion. Organizer and commissioner: Nicolae Iorga. Paintings by Georghe PetraÃÂcu, ÃÂtefan Popescu, EustaÃÂiu Stoenescu, Ion Theodorescu-Sion; sculptures by Oscar Han, Ion Jalea, Cornel Medrea. Romania was also represented by Ion Andreescu and Nicolae Grigorescu in the International Exhibition of 19th Century Landscape Painting hosted by the Italian Pavilion.
- 1940 â Paintings by Nicolae DÃÂrÃÂscu, Lucian Grigorescu, Theodor Pallady, Jean Al. Steriadi; sculptures by Céline Emilian, Mihai Onofrei (including a sculpture of King Carol II of Romania). Organizer and commissioner: Nicolae Iorga.
- 1942 â Group exhibition of paintings by Marius Bunescu, Henri Catargi, ÃÂtefan Constantinescu, Cecilia CuÃÂescu-Storck, Horia Damian, Nicolae DÃÂrÃÂscu, Dumitru GhiaÃÂÃÂ, Lucian Grigorescu, Rodica Maniu, Paul Miracovici, Alexandru Padina, Theodor Pallady, George PetraÃÂcu, ÃÂtefan Popescu, Camil Ressu, Jean Al. Steriadi, EustaÃÂiu Stoenescu, Nicolae Stoica, Ion ÃÂuculescu, Gheorghe VânÃÂtoru, A.G. Verona. Sculptures by Zoe BÃÂicoianu, Alexandru CÃÂlinescu, Mac Constantinescu, Oscar Han, Ion Irimescu, Ion Jalea, Corneliu Medrea, Militza PetraÃÂcu, Ion Grigore Popovici, Fritz Storck. Including sculptures of Marshall Ion Antonescu and King Michael of Romania. Organized by the Ministry of National Propaganda; Commissioner: Jean Al. Steriadi.
- 1954 â Group exhibition of Socialist Realism. Paintings by Lidia Agricola, Octavian AngheluÃÂÃÂ, Paul Atanasiu, Corneliu Baba, ÃÂtefan BarabaÃÂ, Marius Bunescu, Alexandru Ciucurencu, Gheorghe Glauber, Lucian Grigorescu, Dan Hatmanu, Iosif Iser, Gheorghe Labin, Max Herman Maxy, Gavril Miklossy, Alexandru Moscu, Ion Panteli Stanciu, Camil Ressu, Mimi Maxy-ÃÂaraga, Gheorghe ÃÂaru, Jean Al. Steriadi. Sculptures by Gheorghe Anghel, Constantin Baraschi, Marius Traian Butunoiu, Boris Caragea, Iosif Fekete, Octav Iiescu, Ion Irimescu, Martin Izsak, Ion Jalea, Ernest Kaznovski, Egon Löwith, Constantin Lucaci, Sándor Puskás, Artur Vetro, Ion Vlad, Mihail Wagner, Lelia Zuaf. Watercolors and black and white sketches by Zoltán Andrássy, Maria Constantin, Marcela Cordescu, Gheorghe Ivancenco, Aurel Jiquidi, Vasile Kazar, Ligia Macovei, Jules Perahim, Noël Florin Roni, Jean Al. Steriadi, Béla Gy. Szabó, Walter Widmann. Organizer and commissioner: Jules Perahim (Secretary of the Union of Fine Artists â UAP Bucharest).
- 1956 â Group exhibition. Paintings by Corneliu Baba, Alexandru Ciucurencu. Sculptures by Ion Irimescu, Cornel Medrea. Drawings by Ligia Macovei, Jules Perahim. Organizing Commissioner: Paraschiva Pojar (State Committee for Literature and Art), Ion Irimescu (Eminent Master of Arts in the Popular Republic of Romania, Secretary of the Union of Fine Artists â UAP, laureate of the State Prize).
- 1958 â Group exhibition. Paintings by Henri Catargi, Dumitru GhiaÃÂÃÂ, ÃÂtefan Szönyi. Sculptures by Ion Jalea, Gheza Vida. Black and white drawings by Vasile Kazar, Mariana PetraÃÂcu. Commissioners: Jules Perahim and Ligia Macovei.
- 1960 â Group exhibition. Paintings by George PetraÃÂcu. Drawings and engravings by Gheorghe Adoc, Zoltan Andrássy, Corina Beiu AngheluÃÂÃÂ, Gheorghe BoÃÂan, Geta BrÃÂtescu, Eva Cerbu, Marcel ChirnoagÃÂ, ÃÂtefan Constantinescu, Cornelia DaneÃÂ, Vasile Dobrian, Emilia Dumitrescu, Ana IliuÃÂ, Gheorghe Ivancenco, Puia Hortensia Masichievici, Natalia Matei, Iosif Mátyás, Gheorghe Naum, Nicolae Iulian Olariu, Marcel Olinescu, Jules Perahim, Eugen Popa, Victor Silvester, Béla Gy Szabó, Gheorghe ÃÂaru, Traian Vasai. Commissioner: Jules Perahim.
- 1962 â Group exhibition. Paintings by BrÃÂduàCovaliu. Sculptures by Ion Vlad. Drawings by Vasile Dobrian, Paul ErdÃ
Âs. Commissioner: Jules Perahim.
- 1964 â Group exhibition. Paintings by Ion BiÃÂan, Ion Gheorghiu, Ion Pacea. Sculptures by Boris Caragea. Commissioner: Mircea Deac (Secretary of the Council for Arts from the State Committee for Culture and Arts of the Popular Republic of Romania).
- 1966 â Ion ÃÂuculescu retrospective. Commissioner: Petru Comarnescu.
- 1968 â Group exhibition. Virgil AlmÃÂÃÂanu (painting), Octav Grigorescu (drawing), Ovidiu Maitec (sculpture). Commissioner: Ion Frunzetti.
- 1970 â Group exhibition. Henri Mavrodin, Ion SÃÂliÃÂteanu (painting), George Apostu (sculpture), Marcel Chirnoagà(graphics), Ritzi-Victoria and Peter Jacobi (decorative arts). Commissioner: Ion Frunzetti (Vicepresident of the Union of Fine Artists â UAP).
- 1972 â Group exhibition (graphics) â Etching in the Contemporary Space (Grafica în spaÃÂiul contemporan). General theme: Work of Art or Behaviour (Opera sau comportamentul). Graphics by Anna Maria Andronescu, Marcel ChirnoagÃÂ, Dumitru Cionca, Ioan Donca, Adrian Dumitrache, Mircea Dumitrescu, Dan Erceanu, Sergiu Georgescu, Harry Guttmann, Th. Valentin Ionescu, George Leolea, Wanda Mihuleac, Tiberiu Nicorescu, Ion Panaitescu, Anton Perussi, Ion State, Theodora Stendl Moisescu, Ion Stendl, Radu Stoica, Iosif Teodorescu. Sculptures by Gheorghe Iliescu CÃÂlineÃÂti, Mircea ÃÂtefÃÂnescu. Commissioner: Ion Frunzetti (President of the Art and Literature Theory and History Section of the Social Sciences Academy). Deputy Commissioner: Valentin Ionescu.
- 1976 â Group exhibition: The Ambient as a Social Problem. Sculpture (works and photos): Gheza Vida, Ion Vlasiu, Constantin Lucaci, Constantin Popovici, Grigore Minea, George Apostu, Petre (NicÃÂpetre) BÃÂlÃÂnicÃÂ, Aurelian Bolea, Cristian Breazu, Mihai Buculei, Florin Codre, Napoleon Tiron, Silvia Radu, Ion Condiescu. Photographic aspects â ambient: Vlad Florescu, Ion Condiescu, Eugen PetraÃÂ, Anton Eberwein. Commissioner: Ion Frunzetti.
- 1978 â Group exhibition: From Nature to Art, from Art to Nature. Paintings by Sorin Ilfoveanu, Iacob LazÃÂr, Viorel MÃÂrginean, Horia Bernea. Sculptures by Petru Jecza, Octavian Olariu, Alexandru GheorghiÃÂÃÂ, . Commissioner: Ion Frunzetti.
- 1980 â Art in the Seventies. Sculptures by George Apostu, Horia Bernea, Octav Grigorescu, Constantin Lucaci, Ovidiu Maitec. Commissioner: Ion Frunzetti.
- 1982 â Hommage to Brancusi in the Central Pavilion (invited commissioner: Dan HÃÂulicÃÂ). The Romanian Pavilion exhibited works by Florin Codre, Ion Gheorghiu (commissioner: Ion Frunzetti).
- 1988 â Napoleon Tiron (sculpture). Commissioner: Dan HÃÂulicÃÂ.
- 1990 â Mircea SpÃÂtaru (sculpture). Commissioner: Dan HÃÂulicÃÂ.
- 1993 â Horia Damian. Commissioner: Radu Varia. Deputy commissioner: Coriolan BabeÃÂi.
- 1995 â Brancusi's Heritage in Romania in the Romanian Pavilion (Giardini) and in the Romanian Institute for Culture and Research in Humanities (Palazzo Correr). Artists: George Apostu, ÃÂtefan Bertalan, Mihai Buculei, Maria Cocea, Roman CotoÃÂman, Doru Covrig, Darie Dup, Ovidiu Maitec, Paul Neagu, Ion Nicodim, Neculai PÃÂduraru, Constantin Popovici, Mircea Roman, Napoleon Tiron, Aurel Vlad, Marian Zidaru. Commissioners: Dan HÃÂulicàand Coriolan BabeÃÂi.
- 1997 â Ion Bitzan, Teodor Graur, Ion Grigorescu, Iosif Kiraly, Valeriu Mladin, Gheorghe Rasovszky, Sorin Vreme. Commissioner: Dan HÃÂulicÃÂ; Deputy Commissioners: Coriolan BabeÃÂi, Adrian GuÃÂÃÂ. Besides the Romanian Pavilion, another exhibition is organized in Casa Romena di Venezia.
- 1999 â subREAL group and Dan Perjovschi (curator: Judit Angel) in the Romanian Pavilion (Giardini). A parallel exhibition was organized in Casa Romena (Palazzo Correr) with works by Alexandru Antik, Mircea Florian, Dan MihÃÂlÃÂianu, Nicolae Onucsan, Alexandru Patatics (curator: Horea Avram). Honorary Commissioner: Dan HÃÂulicÃÂ. Deputy Commissioner: Aurora Dediu.
- 2001 â Group exhibition. Video art by Context Network, Gheorghe Rasovszky. Commissioner: Ruxandra Balaci. Curators: Ruxandra Balaci, Sebastian Bertalan, Alexandru Patatics. Deputy commissioner: Raluca Velisar.
- 2003 â Alteridem.exe.2 (new media exhibition) by Kinema Ikon group. Commissioner and curator: CÃÂlin Man. Deputy curators: Raluca Velisar, Adela VÃÂetiÃÂi. Organized by the National Museum of Contemporary Art Bucharest (MNAC).
- 2005 â Daniel Knorr, European Influenza (curator: Marius Babias)
- 2007 â Victor Man, Cristi PogÃÂcean, Mona VÃÂtÃÂmanu & Florin Tudor, Christoph Büchel & Giovanni Carmine, Low-Budget Monuments (commissioner: Mihai Pop; curator: Mihnea Mircan)
- 2009 â ÃÂtefan Constantinescu, Andrea Faciu, Ciprian MureÃÂan, The Seductiveness of the Interval (curator: Alina ÃÂerban; assistant curator: Livia Pancu; collaborators: Alex Axinte, Cristi Borcan, Livia Andreea Ivanovici; project manager: Mirela Duculescu)
- 2011 â Ion Grigorescu, Anetta Mona ChiÃÂa & Lucia TkáÃÂová, Performing History (curator: Maria Rus Bojan, Ami Barak; special collaboration: Bogdan Ghiu and Timotei NÃÂdÃÂÃÂan). A parallel Romanian exhibition was hosted by The New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Research in Humanities (Palazzo Correr): Romanian Cultural Resolution (curators: Adrian Bojenoiu, Alex. Niculescu)
- 2013 â Alexandra Pirici and Manuel PelmuÃÂ, An Immaterial Retrospective of the Venice Biennale (curator: Raluca Voinea, project coordinator: Corina Bucea). At the New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Research in Humanities (Palazzo Correr): Reflection Centre for Suspended Histories. An Attempt, curator: Anca Mihulet; artists: Apparatus 22, Irina Botea and Nicu Ilfoveanu, Karolina Bregula, Adi Matei, Olivia MihÃÂlÃÂianu, Sebastian Moldovan. Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy commissioner: Alexandru Damian.
- 2015 â Adrian Ghenie, Darwin's Room (curator: Mihai Pop; architect: Attila Kim; general coordinator: Corina ÃÂuteu) in the Romanian Pavilion (Giardini); Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, ÃÂtefan Sava, Larisa Sitar, Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality (curator: Diana Marincu) in The New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Research in Humanities (Palazzo Correr). Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy commissioner: Alexandru Damian.
- 2017 â Geta BrÃÂtescu, Apparitions (curator: Magda Radu; assistant curator: Diana Ursan; project coordinator: Corina Bucea). Commissioner: Attila Kim.
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links