Romania participated at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 6 October to 18 October 2018.
Romania qualified a girls' team based on the U18 3x3 National Federation Ranking.
Romania qualified two athletes based on its performance at the 2018 Cadet World Championship.
Romania qualified one gymnast based on its performance at the 2018 European Junior Championship.
Romania qualified one rhythmic gymnast based on its performance at the European qualification event.
Romania qualified two boats based on its performance at the 2017 World Junior Rowing Championships.
Romania qualified two table tennis players based on its performance at the Road to Buenos Aires (Europe) series.
Romania qualified two athletes based on its performance at the 2017 World Youth Championships.
<div style="font-size: 85%;">Key:
</div>