Romania competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014.
Romania qualified ten athletes.
<small>Qualification Legend: Q=Final A (medal); qB=Final B (non-medal); qC=Final C (non-medal); qD=Final D (non-medal); qE=Final E (non-medal)</small>
Romania qualified a boys' and girls' team from their performance at the 2013 3x3 World Tour Final.
Romania qualified one boxer based on its performance at the 2014 AIBA Youth World Championships
Romania qualified two boats based on its performance at the 2013 World Junior Canoe Sprint and Slalom Championships.
Romania qualified one athlete based on its performance at the 2014 FIE Cadet World Championships.
Romania qualified one athlete based on its performance at the 2014 European WAG Championships.
Romania qualified one athlete based on its performance at the 2014 Rhythmic Gymnastics Grand Prix in Moscow.
Romania qualified one athlete based on its performance at the 2013 Cadet World Judo Championships.
Romania qualified two boats based on its performance at the 2013 World Rowing Junior Championships.
<small>Qualification Legend: FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal); FC=Final C (non-medal); FD=Final D (non-medal); SA/B=Semifinals A/B; SC/D=Semifinals C/D; R=Repechage</small>
Romania qualified four swimmers.
Romania qualified one athlete based on its performance at the 2014 World Qualification Event.
<small>Qualification Legend: Q=Main Bracket (medal); qB=Consolation Bracket (non-medal)</small>
Romania qualified one athlete based on its performance at the Taekwondo Qualification Tournament.
Romania qualified two athletes based on the 9 June 2014 ITF World Junior Rankings.
Romania qualified 2 quotas in the boys' events and 2 quota in the girls' events based on the team ranking after the 2013 Weightlifting Youth World Championships.