Roman Borisovich Gul (; 13 August 1896 Р30 June 1986) was a Russian ̩migr̩ writer, his political position was leftist-liberal, he was critical towards the conservative, tsarist White Movement.
Biography
Gul was born into the family of a notary and spent his childhood in Penza and on his family estate of Ramsay near Penza. He completed the 1st Penza Gymnasium (grammar school) and went to study at the Law Faculty of the Moscow State University in 1914.
Gul was conscripted into the Imperial Russian Army in 1916 and served with the infantry on the South Western Front becoming a company commander in the 417th Kinburn Regiment.
In 1917, after the October Revolution, Gul joined the Kornilov Shock regiment of the White Volunteer Army. He participated in the Ice March and was wounded. He was captured by the Ukrainian Army and imprisoned in late 1918. In 1919 he was transferred to Germany and settled in Berlin in 1920 becoming a writer.
In the 1920s Gul wrote for the Berlin-based newspaper Nakanunye (ÃÂðúðýÃÂýõ), and acted as a correspondent for several Soviet newspapers. He also worked on the magazines Life (ÃÂø÷ýÃÂ), Time (ÃÂÃÂõüÃÂ), The Russian Emigrant (àÃÂÃÂÃÂúøù ÃÂüøóÃÂðýÃÂ) and Voice of Russia (ÃÂþûþààþÃÂÃÂøø).
After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Gul was arrested and put into the Oranienburg concentration camp near Berlin, but was freed after six months and emigrated to Paris. In France, he wrote for the liberal émigré newspaper Posledniye Novosti (ÃÂþÃÂûõôýøõ ýþòþÃÂÃÂø) and the magazines Illustrirovannaya Rossiya (ÃÂûûÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂøÃÂþòðýýaààþÃÂÃÂøÃÂ), Sovremennye zapiski (áþòÃÂõüõýýÃÂe ÷ðÿøÃÂúø). During the Nazi occupation of France, Gul went into hiding and avoided arrest working on a farm in southern France and in a glass factory.
Gul emigrated to the United States in 1950 and worked for the émigré literature magazine Novy Zhurnal becoming chief editor in 1966. Gul died of a lung infection in 1986 and is buried in Novo-Diveevo Cemetery in Spring Valley, New York.
Works
In Russian Language
- ÃÂõûÃÂõ ÿþ çÃÂÃÂýþüÃÂ: ÃÂÃÂõÃÂúø óÃÂðöôðýÃÂúþù òþùýÃÂ. - White on Black: Essays on the Civil War. Book
- ÃÂõôÃÂýþù ÿþÃÂ
þô (1921) - Ice March (1921)
- àÃÂðÃÂÃÂõÃÂýÃÂø ÃÂÃÂÃÂøõ: ÃÂþòõÃÂÃÂàø÷ öø÷ýø ÃÂüøóÃÂðÃÂøø 1920âÂÂ1921. (1923) ÃÂþüðý, úþÃÂþÃÂÃÂù ÿþûøÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúø ýõùÃÂÃÂðûÃÂýþ ÃÂÃÂðúÃÂÃÂõàÃÂõüàòþ÷òÃÂðÃÂõýøàò ÿþÃÂûõÃÂõòþûÃÂÃÂøþýýÃÂààþÃÂÃÂøà- The utter scattering: The story of the life of emigration 1920-1921. (1923) novel, which is politically neutral treats the subject returned to post-revolutionary Russia
- ÃÂõýõÃÂðû ÃÂÃÂ. [ÃÂ÷õÃÂ] (1929) àþüðý þ áðòøýúþòõ; ÿõÃÂõÃÂðñðÃÂÃÂòðûÃÂàýõÃÂúþûÃÂúþ ÃÂð÷, ò ÿþÃÂûõôýøù ÃÂð÷ ò 1974 General BO. [Azef] (1929) A novel about Savinkov; Reworked several times, most recently in 1974
- ÃÂõþÃÂóøù ÃÂòðýþò. áÃÂðÃÂÃÂà- Georgi Ivanov. Article
- ÃÂ÷õÃÂöøýÃÂúøù, ÃÂõýöøýÃÂúøù, ÃÂõÃÂõÃÂÃÂ, ÃÂðÃÂøÃÂ, ïóþôð. (1936) - Dzerzhinsky, Menzhinsky, Peters, Lacis, and Yagoda. (1936) Book
- ÃÂø÷ýàýð äÃÂúÃÂð: ÃÂÃÂõÃÂúø ñõûþù ÃÂüøóÃÂðÃÂøø. (1927) - Life on the Fuchs: Essays on the White emigration. (1927)
- ÃÂþýàÃÂÃÂöøù. (1952) ðòÃÂþñøþóÃÂðÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúþõ ÿþòõÃÂÃÂòþòðýøõ þàýðÃÂðûð ÃÂõòþûÃÂÃÂøø ø ôþ ÿÃÂøñÃÂÃÂøàò ÃÂðÃÂøö - A Red Horse. (1952) autobiographical account from the beginning of the revolution and before the arrival in Paris
- ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýÃÂõ üðÃÂÃÂðûÃÂ: ÃÂþÃÂþÃÂøûþò, ÃÂÃÂôõýýÃÂù, ÃÂûÃÂÃÂ
õÃÂ, ÃÂþÃÂþòÃÂúøù. (1933) ÃÂýøóð - Red marshals: Voroshilov, Budyonny, Blucher, Kotovsky. (1933) Book
- ÃÂõôÃÂýþù ÿþÃÂ
þô (á ÃÂþÃÂýøûþòÃÂü). (1921) ÃÂõüÃÂðÃÂà- Th Ice March (with Kornilov). (1921) Memoirs
- ÃÂþàñøþóÃÂðÃÂøÃÂ. My biography
- ÃÂôòÃÂúþýÃÂ: áþòõÃÂÃÂúðàø ÃÂüøóÃÂðýÃÂÃÂúðàûøÃÂõÃÂðÃÂÃÂÃÂð. (1973) áñþÃÂýøú - Odvukon: Soviet and emigre literature. (1973) Collection
- ÃÂôòÃÂúþýÃÂ-2: áÃÂðÃÂÃÂø. (1982) áñþÃÂýøú - Odvukon-2: Articles. (1982) Collection
- ÃÂÃÂðýøõýñÃÂÃÂó: çÃÂþ àòøôõû ò óøÃÂûõÃÂþòÃÂúþü úþýÃÂõýÃÂÃÂðÃÂøþýýþü ûðóõÃÂõ. (1937) - Oranienburg: What I saw in a Nazi concentration camp. (1937)
- ÃÂþñõôð ÃÂðÃÂÃÂõÃÂýðúð. (1958) áÃÂðÃÂÃÂà- Victory for Pasternak. (1958) Article
- áúøÃÂ. (1931) àþüðý þ ÃÂðúÃÂýøýõ; ò 1958 ÿõÃÂõÃÂðñþÃÂðý ø ø÷ôðý ÿþô ýð÷òðýøõü ëáúøàò ÃÂòÃÂþÿõû Skiff. (1931) A novel about Bakunin; In 1958, revised and published under the title "Skiff in Europe"
- âÃÂÃÂ
ðÃÂõòÃÂúøù: ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýÃÂù üðÃÂÃÂðû. (1932) ÃÂýøóð Tukhachevsky: Red marshal. (1932) Book
- ï ÃÂýÃÂààþÃÂÃÂøÃÂ: ÃÂÿþûþóøàÃÂüøóÃÂðÃÂøø. â. 1-3. (1981âÂÂ1989) I took Russia: Apology emigration. 1-3. (1981-1989)
Links
External links
- . General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.