Robert Lloyd Praeger (25 August 1865 â 5 May 1953) was an Irish naturalist, writer and librarian.
From a Unitarian background, he was born and raised in Holywood, County Down; he had four brothers and a sister. His father was born in the Netherlands, and imported linen, while his mother's family had a history of producing businesspeople, antiquarians and naturalists; an uncle was a co-founder of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club. Praeger attended the primary school of the Reverend McAlister and then the nearby Sullivan Upper School, followed by the Belfast Academical Institution. He joined the Belfast Naturalists Field Club (BNFC) at age 11, and was already judging a category in the precursor to the Chelsea Flower Show at 17.
Praeger attended what is now Queen's University Belfast from 1882, earning a B.A. in 1885 and a B.Eng. in 1886. While at college he also became very active in the BNFC, learning a range of practical naturalist skills; he was elected to the club's committee in 1885.
Praeger was an engineer by qualification and initial practice, a librarian of long and senior standing by profession and a naturalist by inclination. His first job was with the Belfast city and district water commissioners, and while working with this body on an expansion of Belfast Harbour facilities, he also conducted studies on fossils, which led to his first post-college academic paper, in 1886. He co-authored his first book, on the ferns of Ulster, with a businessman and botanist, in 1887. In 1888 he declined a medium-term engineering position and applied unsuccessfully for a job at the Natural History Museum in Dublin; he worked the next five years on short engineering contracts while carrying on his naturalist work. He continued to publish, and was hired to catalogue a collection of around 60,000 specimens being donated to Belfast city. He was elected as a member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1891.
In 1892, Praeger founded the Irish Naturalist, becoming its co-editor. Aside from articles, the journal contained official communications of both the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society and the Royal Zoological Society of Ireland.
In 1893, Praeger secured a position as an assistant librarian at the National Library of Ireland in Dublin, where he worked from 1893 to 1924, rising to the position of chief librarian.
Praeger continued to write papers on the flora and other aspects of the natural history of Ireland. He organised the Lambay Survey in 1905/06 and, from 1909 to 1915, the wider Clare Island Survey.
He was awarded the Veitch Memorial Medal of the Royal Horticultural Society in 1921. He became the first President of both An Taisce and the Irish Mountaineering Club in 1948, and served as President of the Royal Irish Academy for 1931âÂÂ34.
Praeger met his future wife, Hedwig Elena Ingeborg Meta Magnusson ("Hedi") in 1901; they became engaged after two weeks, and married in 1902. She died in 1952, and Praeger was buried with her in Deansgrange Cemetery, Dublin.
His younger sister Sophia Rosamond Praeger was a sculptor, childrenâÂÂs book author and illustrator as well as a botanical artist.
Praeger was instrumental in developing advanced methodologies in Irish botany by inviting Knud Jessen, the acclaimed Danish expert in Glacial and Post-Glacial flora, to undertake research and teaching in Ireland. This was to lead to the establishment of 'paleoecology' as a distinct field of study in Ireland.
A vice-county system was adopted by Praeger dividing Ireland into forty vice-counties based on the counties. However the boundaries between them does not always correspond to the administrative boundaries and there are doubts as to the correct interpretation of them.
PraegerâÂÂs legacy lives on through his exceptional professionalism, which he showed during his librarian career. By age thirty-five, he displayed great organization skills in cataloguing, which âÂÂhas never been equaled in IrelandâÂÂ. One of his significant accomplishments in the field was ordering âÂÂthe National LibraryâÂÂs vast collection of mapsâÂÂ.
Praeger planned The Lambay Island Survey in 1909 and contributed âÂÂ90 new species to the Irish flora and faunaâÂÂ; five of these âÂÂspecies were new to scienceâÂÂ. The success of this survey led a committee of Irish naturalists to ask Praeger to complete the Clare Island Survey. PraegerâÂÂs work on the Flowering Plants in this survey analyses âÂÂthe dispersal power of plantsâÂÂ. The most notable discovery is the Pisonidae worm by Rowland Southern. Southern dedicated this new genus to Praeger in his work Archiannelida and Polychaeta. In 1988, the Royal Irish Academy proposed carrying out a New Clare Island Survey due to the success of PraegerâÂÂs first Clare Island survey.
âÂÂThe RIA Robert Lloyd Praeger FundâÂÂ. Yet, the grant remains in effect today to assist fieldwork in Irish natural science. Since 1958, the fund has provided roughly three hundred and sixty grants to natural historians for fieldwork initiatives in Ireland.
The Way that I Went (1937) is an autobiographical book. For Praeger, the book serves as âÂÂa kind of thank offeringâ for all of the time he spent âÂÂwalking the countrysideâ¦and exploring cattle-tramped tombsâÂÂ. Praeger provides a âÂÂgreater influence on Irish naturalists than any other bookâÂÂ.
Some of his other publications are:
Praeger was the âÂÂforce behind the foundation of An Taisce in 1948âÂÂ. In his speech he mentions the issue of ribbon development as the âÂÂcontinuous line of houses should shut out welcome views of the wide open country that lies behind themâ which will affect tourism. In 2022, An Taisce produced a Clean air strategy for Ireland and a Climate action plan in 2023. Thus, to this day, An TaisceâÂÂs policies have allowed for the continuation of work for IrelandâÂÂs conservation and PraegerâÂÂs legacy.