The Robert Burns Monument is a bronze statue of the Scottish bard and poet Robert Burns, located in Burns Commons on the Lower East Side of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The statue was designed by Scottish sculptor William Grant Stevenson and unveiled in 1909. The public artwork was a gift to the City of Milwaukee from James Bryden, a local grain merchant and Scottish immigrant. The Burns statue remains a focal point of MilwaukeeâÂÂs Scottish-American heritage and the site of annual commemorative ceremonies.
Robert Burns is widely regarded as one of ScotlandâÂÂs greatest cultural figures, celebrated for his enduring poetry, lyrical genius, and deep connection to the common people. Often called the "Ploughman Poet" or ScotlandâÂÂs "National Bard," Burns captured themes of love, nature, social justice, and national identity in a voice that was both personal and universal. Each year on New YearâÂÂs Eve, millions of people around the world sing Auld Lang Syne, a traditional Scottish folk song that was popularized by Robert Burns, as a farewell to the old year and a tribute to enduring friendship.
For many, Burns embodies the democratic spirit of poetryâÂÂaccessible, poignant, and unflinchingly honestâÂÂwhich is why he continues to be honored in monuments and celebrations around the world. Robert Burnsâ use of the Scots language helped preserve and elevate Scottish cultural heritage. His celebrated poemsâÂÂincluding The CotterâÂÂs Saturday Night, A ManâÂÂs a Man for Aâ That, The Twa Dogs, and To a Mouse âÂÂare widely recognized for their enduring themes of empathy, camaraderie, and social equality.
William Grant Stevenson, R.S.A. was a renowned Scottish painter and sculptor. He lived in Edinburgh, Scotland and worked in the Dean Studio. His brother, David Watson Stevenson, was also a renowned sculptor.
Grant Stevenson received widespread acclaim in 1879 when his sculpture of Robert Burns was awarded the top prize amongst twenty-one competition entries. His marble statue became the centerpiece of the ornamental building constructed in Kay Park, Kilmarnock, Scotland.
The Burns Monument is composed of a bronze statue, a granite pedestal, and two bronze panels mounted to the pedestal.
The bronze figure represents the popular Scottish poet standing, facing south, with a notebook in one hand.The portrayal of Burns is reminiscent of paintings by Alexander Nasmyth showing the poet as a young man. Burns is dressed in a "claw-hammer" coat, knee breeches, vest, cravat, and woolen hose. In his left hand, Burns is holding a notebook with fingers in between the pages; in his right he holds a quill pen.
The granite pedestal has four faces aligned with the directions of the compass, with bronze panels reliefs installed on the western and eastern faces. The pedestal rests on a 30 ton concrete foundation.
The bronze panels on the Burns Monument are in the bas-relief style. The western panel, entitled Burns at the Plough, shows the poet resting his team of horses while plowing. The eastern panel, entitled A Cotter's Saturday Night, portrays the simple piety, warmth, and moral virtue of a Scottish peasant family's weekly gathering on the eve of the Sabbath.
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The southern inscription: <small>ROBERT BURNS</small>.
The northern inscription: <small>THE GIFT OF JAMES ANDERSON BRYDEN A NATIVE OF SCOTLAND TO THE CITY OF HIS ADOPTION 1909</small>.
Under the western panel: <small>THE POETIC GENIUS OF MY COUNTRY FOUND ME AT THE PLOUGH AND THREW HER INSPIRING MANTLE OVER ME</small>.
Under the eastern panel: <small>FROM SCENES LIKE THESE OLD SCOTIA'S GRANDEUR SPRINGS</small>.
The Burns Monument is located in Burns Commons on the east side of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It stands within a triangular park, referred to as the Burns Triangle, that is bounded by North Prospect Ave., East Knapp St., and North Franklin Pl. The location for the Burns statue was selected by James A. Bryden, Milwaukee City Engineer Charles J. Poetsch, Deputy Commissioner of the Public Works J. P. Sherer, Andrew Agnew, and the east division engineer.
The Robert Burns Monument was donated to the City of Milwaukee by Mr. James Anderson Bryden (1833âÂÂ1913). Bryden was born in 1833 on a small farm (Bankside) approximately 4 miles (6 km) south of the city of Lockerbie, in Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
The Bryden family emigrated to the United States when he was a young boy and they purchased farmland in Utica, New York. James Bryden moved to Milwaukee in 1857 and began working in the grain trade. Bryden founded his own company, J. A. Bryden & Co., and built a successful career as a grain merchant. In 1860, he became a member of the Chamber of Commerce and served for a time as Commissioner of the Chamber of Commerce.
Bryden was actively involved in civic and cultural life beyond his business interests. As Alderman for MilwaukeeâÂÂs Seventh Ward in 1894, he contributed to the establishment and landscape design of Juneau Park. In 1895, Alderman Bryden proposed and championed a project to create a lake shore drive extending from Wisconsin Avenue past Lake ParkâÂÂa roadway now known as Lincoln Memorial Drive. Bryden served as the skip of the gold medalâÂÂwinning U.S. team at the International Bonspiel held in Montreal in February 1884. Bryden was a member of the Old Settlers' Club of Milwaukee County and was a longtime member and past president of the Saint Andrew's Society. Bryden was a member of the Phantom Club, a private literary club founded in 1894, and the Robert Burns statue and unveiling ceremony was documented extensively in the Phantom Club Papers Second Series published in 1910.
BrydenâÂÂs early years living on the family farm are said to have inspired his appreciation for the poetry of Robert Burns, who is affectionately known in Scotland as the âÂÂPloughman Poet.â He was known for delivering Robert BurnsâÂÂs Address to the Haggis at the Saint Andrew's Society annual banquet for 25 years with only one exception. Contemporary news reports noted that his favorite Burns poem was A CotterâÂÂs Saturday Night. BrydenâÂÂs lifelong civic engagement and extensive contributions to the city continue to benefit Milwaukee today.
To understand why the Bryden donated the Burns Monument to the City of Milwaukee, it is helpful to consider the remarks delivered at its unveiling in 1909 by Andrew D. Agnew, a prominent Milwaukee lawyer and the chairman of the unveiling ceremony. Mr. Agnew described the monumentâÂÂs origin as the fulfillment of a long-held aspiration shared by several prominent Scottish-American residents of the city:
This passage highlights both the communal origins of the idea and the personal commitment of James A. Bryden, who ensured the project's completion and gifted the monument to the City of Milwaukee.
The unveiling ceremony for the Burns Monument was held on Saturday, June 26, 1909, at 2pm. The day's events began as a crowd assembled at the Plankinton House and moved in procession to the Burns Monument, led by the Caledonian Pipe Band. By the time the group arrived at the statue for the unveiling, it was estimated that 2,000 people had assembled to watch the unveiling ceremony.
An invocation was given to the attendees by Rev. Frederick Edwards. The Burns song, "There Was a Lad Was Born in Kyle" was performed by the Lyric Glee Club. The statue was unveiled by Miss Juneau Theiline McGee, the great-great granddaughter of Solomon Juneau â the first mayor of Milwaukee.
Joseph V. Quarles gave an eloquent speech on Robert Burns and concluded with the official Presentation of the Burns Monument to the City of Milwaukee. <blockquote>"Mr. Mayor, in behalf of James A. Bryden, our neighbor and friend, I have the honor to tender this monument to the people of Milwaukee. Be pleased to accept it in their behalf and I doubt not that they will see to it that it is suitably protected and maintained." </blockquote>Mayor David Stuart Rose accepted the monument on behalf of the city. The Lyric Glee Club sang another famous Burns song, "Scots Wha Ha'e", for the audience. After the musical interlude, rhetorical addresses were given to the audience by John G. Gregory and Hon. Ogden H. Fethers. General Arthur MacArthur Jr gave an address to the audience about Scottish characteristics and poetry.
Then, after calls from the crowd to hear from the donor, James Bryden spoke to the assembled audience.
The exercises concluded with the audience and Lyric Glee Club singing the popular and well-known Robert Burns song, "Auld Lang Syne".
James Bryden was President of the Saint Andrew's Society of the City of Milwaukee from 1898 to 1899. The members of the Saint Andrew's Society have helped celebrate and care for the Burns Monument over the many decades since James Bryden donated it to Milwaukee.
Given the age of the Burns Monument, maintenance is required periodically to clean the statue of superficial corrosion and restore the protective coating. An editorial newspaper article in 1987 documented in detail the deteriorated state of several statues in Milwaukee, including the Robert Burns statue. In 1994, the Saint Andrew's Society of the City of Milwaukee, the Greater Milwaukee Committee, the Burns Club of Milwaukee, and other private donors funded cleaning and restoration of the Burns Monument. The respected monument conservator Douglas D. Kwart was hired to perform the statue conservation work.
A formal rededication ceremony was held on August 28, 1994. In attendance were members of the Milwaukee County Government, Parks Department, Saint Andrew's Society, and the local Scottish community.
In 2010, the Saint Andrew's Society, in collaboration with the Milwaukee County Parks, organized private donations to fund and install a walkway of commemorative engraved granite pavers around the base of the Burns Monument. With the walkway in place, visitors to the statue can view the monument engravings and bronze panels up-close without walking through the rose bushes or flower beds.
In 2013, granite benches were privately donated and installed in the Burns Triangle, with the approval from the Milwaukee County Parks officials, to allow visitors to sit and view the statue. The granite benches are engraved with selections of Burns's poetry.
A wreath-laying celebration is held annually at the monument on the Sunday nearest to Robert Burns's birthday. Poetry fans, <nowiki/>s, and members of the Saint Andrew's Society gather in celebration at the Burns Monument to recite poetry, play the bagpipes, and sing songs.