RîÃÂcani () is a district () in north-western Moldova, with its administrative center in RîÃÂcani. The district also includes the town of CosteÃÂti.
Near the town of CosteÃÂti, there are traces of a settlement that once belonged to the Golden Horde but was abandoned around 1360. The cities with the earliest historical records are HorodiÃÂte, Recea, and ÃÂaptebani, which are mentioned in sources dating from 1429 to 1437. In the following centuries, the district developed both economically and culturally. In 1812, following the Treaty of Bucharest, both Bessarabia and the district came under Russian occupation (1812âÂÂ1918). During this period, the district was actively colonized by Ukrainian, Russian, German, and Hebrew populations, who established their own villages.
On 27 March 1918, expressing the will of the people and by virtue of history and nation, the representatives unanimously voted for the Union of Bessarabia with Romania. Following the pact between Hitler and Stalin on 26 June 1940, the fate of Bessarabia was decided by military force. On 22 June 1941 began 1,418 days and nights of fierce and bloody fighting between the Germans and Soviets.
Located in northern Moldova, the district borders Edineàand DonduÃÂeni to the north, Drochia and Sîngerei to the east, Municipality of BÃÂlÃÂi and Glodeni to the south, and Romania to the west. The district is located on the Northern Moldavian Plateau, characterized by gently undulating relief and weak erosion processes. Chernozem soils cover the majority of the district. Natural resources include limestone, clay, sand, and gravel, found near the villages of DruÃÂa, CorlÃÂteni, BraniÃÂte, and ÃÂaptebani. The maximum altitude in the district is 280 m, near the village of Pociumbeni.
The district has a temperate-continental climate with an average annual temperature of . The average temperature in July is , while in January it is around . Annual rainfall ranges from 400 to 550àmm. The average wind speed is 3âÂÂ5àm/s.
The fauna of the district consists of various mammals, birds, reptiles, and other animals. In the forests, there are wild boars, deer, foxes, rabbits, badgers, and numerous small rodents, as well as birds such as nightingales, woodpeckers, hoopoes, goldfinches, and jays. Reptiles include the European green lizard, water snakes, and vipers. The district's rivers and lakes are home to otters, muskrats, ducks, coots, loons, geese, swans, and a variety of fish such as perch, bream, catfish, carp, crucian carp, and gudgeons.
Forests cover about 5.7% of the district's territory, a relatively small area but one that supports a diverse range of plant species. The main trees include oak, common oak, silver linden, chestnut, cherry, and others. Common plants found in the area include fescue, clover, sedge, burdock, and various other species.
The district's water system is part of the Black Sea basin. Several rivers flow through the district, including the Prut (forming the border with Romania), Ciuhur, Camenca, and the RÃÂut with its tributary, CopÃÂceanca. In 1978, construction was completed on the CosteÃÂtiâÂÂStânca Hydroelectric Complex (a joint project between the USSR and Romania), with a capacity of 32àMW. The reservoir serving the hydroelectric station covers an area of 59 km<sup>2</sup> and holds about 1.28àbillionàm<sup>3</sup> of water.
According to the 2024 census, 43,652 inhabitants lived in RîÃÂcani District, a decrease compared to the previous census in 2014, when 59,226 inhabitants were registered.
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A total of about 15,300 people are employed in the district's businesses. Agriculture is the main economic sector, covering 81.8% of the total land area. The principal crops include cereals (wheat, barley, oats), industrial crops such as sunflower, tobacco, and sugar beet, as well as various vegetables. Orchards â primarily of apple, cherry, and plum trees â occupy 4.3% of the district's territory.
In the district, 35 primary and secondary educational institutions are operating, including 2 elementary schools, 24 gymnasiums, and 9 lyceums. Additionally, there is an agro college, a vocational school, an auxiliary school, a sports school, a creative center, and 44 preschool institutions.
RîÃÂcani District is located in the so-called âÂÂRed Northâ region, where the PCRM and other pro-Russian political movements have traditionally performed strongly. In recent years, however, the district's political landscape has become somewhat more balanced.
|- ! style="background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;" colspan=2|Parties and coalitions ! style="background:#e9e9e9; text-align:right;"|Votes ! style="background:#e9e9e9; text-align:right;"|% ! style="background:#e9e9e9; text-align:right;"|+/â |- | |align=left|Patriotic Electoral Bloc |align="right"|9,290 |align="right"|40.46 |align="right"|-1.21 |- | |align=left|Party of Action and Solidarity |align="right"|6,877 |align="right"|29.95 |align="right"|-2.06 |- | |align=left|Our Party |align="right"|2,592 |align="right"|11.29 |align="right"|+2.43 |- | |align=left|Alternative |align="right"|1,561 |align="right"|6.80 |align="right"|new |- | |align=left|Democracy at Home Party |align="right"|1,137 |align="right"|4.95 |align="right"|+3.85 |- | style="background:gray;"| |align=left|Other |align="right"|1,505 |align="right"|6.55 |align="right"|-9.81 |- | style="text-align:left; background:#e9e9e9;" colspan=2|Total (turnout 47.01%) | style="text-align:right; width:30px; background:#e9e9e9;"|23,467 | style="text-align:right; width:30px; background:#e9e9e9;"|100.00 | style="text-align:right; width:30px; background:#e9e9e9;"|
In RîÃÂcani District, there are 96 cultural institutions, including 6 houses of culture, 37 clubs, 52 libraries, and 1 museum. There are 160 artistic groups, 19 of which hold the title of âÂÂmodel ensemble.âÂÂ
The district has a hospital with 250 beds, as well as a general family medicine center with 18 family doctor offices, 8 health centers, and 20 medical points.