Richland Township is one of seventeen townships in Adair County, Iowa, USA. At the 2010 census, its population was 174.
Richland Township was organized in 1860. A school house had been built beforehand in 1858. Richland Cemetery was built in 1869, followed by the township's post office (named Fisk) in 1870, and Union Church cemetery in 1871.
Richland Township covers an area of and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Penn Avenue, Pleasant Grove and Union.