Isotopes of rhodium

Naturally occurring rhodium (₄₅Rh) is composed of only one stable isotope, ¹⁰³Rh. The most stable radioisotopes are ¹⁰¹Rh with a half-life of 4.07 years, ¹⁰²Rh with a half-life of 207 days, and ⁹⁹Rh with a half-life of 16.1 days. Thirty other radioisotopes have been characterized ranging from ⁸⁹Rh to ¹²²Rh - these have half-lives that are less than an hour except ¹⁰⁰Rh (20.8 hours) and ¹⁰⁵Rh (35.34 hours). There are also numerous meta states with the most stable being ^102mRh with a half-life of 3.74 years and ^101mRh with a half-life of 4.34 days.

The primary decay mode before the only stable isotope, ¹⁰³Rh, is electron capture to ruthenium isotopes, and the primary mode after is beta emission to palladium isotopes. Mass numbers 102 and 104 are capable of decay in either sense.

List of isotopes

|-id=Rhodium-90 | rowspan=2|⁹⁰Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2|89.94457(22)# | rowspan=2|29(3)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁹⁰Ru | rowspan=2|(0+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p? (<0.7%) | ⁸⁹Tc |-id=Rhodium-90m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^90mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(500)#&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|0.56(2)&nbsp;s | β⁺ (90.4%) | ⁹⁰Ru | rowspan=2|(7+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (9.6%) | ⁸⁹Tc |-id=Rhodium-91 | rowspan=2|⁹¹Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 46 | rowspan=2|90.93712(32)# | rowspan=2|1.47(22)&nbsp;s | β⁺ (98.7%) | ⁹¹Ru | rowspan=2|(9/2+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (1.3%) | ⁹⁰Tc |-id=Rhodium-91m | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^91mRh | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 172.9(4)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=3|1.8#&nbsp;s | β⁺? | ⁹¹Ru | rowspan=3|1/2−# | rowspan=3| |- | β⁺, p? | ⁹⁰Tc |- | IT? | ⁹¹Rh |-id=Rhodium-92 | rowspan=2|⁹²Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 47 | rowspan=2|91.9323677(47) | rowspan=2|5.61(8)&nbsp;s | β⁺ (97.95%) | ⁹²Ru | rowspan=2|(6+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (2.05%) | ⁹¹Tc |-id=Rhodium-92m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^92m1Rh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 50(100)#&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|3.18(22)&nbsp;s | β⁺ (98.3%) | ⁹²Ru | rowspan=2|(2+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (1.7%) | ⁹¹Tc |-id=Rhodium-92m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^92m2Rh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 105(100)#&nbsp;keV | 232(15)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹²Rh | (4+) | |-id=Rhodium-93 | ⁹³Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 48 | 92.9259128(28) | 13.9(16)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁹³Ru | 9/2+# | |-id=Rhodium-93m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^93mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 267(48)&nbsp;keV | | | | (1/2−) | |-id=Rhodium-94 | rowspan=2|⁹⁴Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 49 | rowspan=2|93.9217305(36) | rowspan=2|70.6(6)&nbsp;s | β⁺ (98.2%) | ⁹⁴Ru | rowspan=2|(4+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (1.8%) | ⁹³Tc |-id=Rhodium-94m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^94m1Rh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 54.60(20)#&nbsp;keV | 480(30)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁹⁴Rh | (2+) | |-id=Rhodium-94m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^94m2Rh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 300(200)#&nbsp;keV | 25.8(2)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁹⁴Ru | (8+) | |-id=Rhodium-95 | ⁹⁵Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 50 | 94.9158979(42) | 5.02(10)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁹⁵Ru | (9/2)+ | |-id=Rhodium-95m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^95mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 543.3(3)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|1.96(4)&nbsp;min | IT (88%) | ⁹⁵Rh | rowspan=2|(1/2)− | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (12%) | ⁹⁵Ru |-id=Rhodium-96 | ⁹⁶Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 51 | 95.914452(11) | 9.90(10)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁹⁶Ru | 6+ | |-id=Rhodium-96m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^96mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 51.98(9)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|1.51(2)&nbsp;min | IT (60%) | ⁹⁶Rh | rowspan=2|3+ | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (40%) | ⁹⁶Ru |-id=Rhodium-97 | ⁹⁷Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 52 | 96.911328(38) | 30.7(6)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁹⁷Ru | 9/2+ | |-id=Rhodium-97m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^97mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 258.76(18)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|46.2(16)&nbsp;min | β⁺ (94.4%) | ⁹⁷Ru | rowspan=2|1/2− | rowspan=2| |- | IT (5.6%) | ⁹⁷Rh |-id=Rhodium-98 | ⁹⁸Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 53 | 97.910708(13) | 8.72(12)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁹⁸Ru | (2)+ | |-id=Rhodium-98m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^98mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 56.3(10)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|3.6(2)&nbsp;min | IT (89%) | ⁹⁸Rh | rowspan=2|(5+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (11%) | ⁹⁸Ru |-id=Rhodium-99 | ⁹⁹Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 54 | 98.908121(21) | 16.1(2)&nbsp;d | β⁺ | ⁹⁹Ru | 1/2− | |-id=Rhodium-99m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^99mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 64.4(5)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|4.7(1)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁹⁹Ru | rowspan=2|9/2+ | rowspan=2| |- | IT? | ⁹⁹Rh |-id=Rhodium-100 | rowspan=2|¹⁰⁰Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 55 | rowspan=2|99.908114(19) | rowspan=2|20.8(1)&nbsp;h | EC (95.1%) | ¹⁰⁰Ru | rowspan=2|1− | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (4.9%) | ¹⁰⁰Ru |-id=Rhodium-100m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^100m1Rh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 74.782(14)&nbsp;keV | 214.0(20)&nbsp;ns | IT | ¹⁰⁰Rh | (2)+ | |-id=Rhodium-100m2 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^100m2Rh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 107.6(2)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|4.6(2)&nbsp;min | IT (98.3%) | ¹⁰⁰Rh | rowspan=2|(5+) | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (1.7%) | ¹⁰⁰Ru |-id=Rhodium-100m3 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^100m3Rh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 219.61(22)&nbsp;keV | 130(10)&nbsp;ns | IT | ¹⁰⁰Rh | (7+) | |-id=Rhodium-101 | ¹⁰¹Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 56 | 100.9061589(63) | 4.07(5)&nbsp;y | EC | ¹⁰¹Ru | 1/2− | |-id=Rhodium-101m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^101mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 157.32(3)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|4.343(10)&nbsp;d | EC (92.80%) | ¹⁰¹Ru | rowspan=2|9/2+ | rowspan=2| |- | IT (7.20%) | ¹⁰¹Rh |-id=Rhodium-102 | rowspan=2|¹⁰²Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 57 | rowspan=2|101.9068343(69) | rowspan=2|207.0(15)&nbsp;d | β⁺ (78%) | ¹⁰²Ru | rowspan=2|2− | rowspan=2| |- | β^− (22%) | ¹⁰²Pd |-id=Rhodium-102m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^102mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 140.73(9)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|3.742(10)&nbsp;y | β⁺ (99.77%) | ¹⁰²Ru | rowspan=2|6+ | rowspan=2| |- | IT (0.233%) | ¹⁰²Rh |-id=Rhodium-103 | ¹⁰³Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 58 | 102.9054941(25) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 1/2− | 1.0000 |-id=Rhodium-103m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^103mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 39.753(6)&nbsp;keV | 56.114(9)&nbsp;min | IT | ¹⁰³Rh | 7/2+ | |-id=Rhodium-104 | rowspan=2|¹⁰⁴Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 59 | rowspan=2|103.9066453(25) | rowspan=2|42.3(4)&nbsp;s | β^− (99.55%) | ¹⁰⁴Pd | rowspan=2|1+ | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (0.45%) | ¹⁰⁴Ru |-id=Rhodium-104m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^104mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 128.9679(5)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|4.34(3)&nbsp;min | IT (99.87%) | ¹⁰⁴Rh | rowspan=2|5+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^− (0.13%) | ¹⁰⁴Pd |-id=Rhodium-105 | ¹⁰⁵Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 60 | 104.9056878(27) | 35.341(19)&nbsp;h | β^− | ¹⁰⁵Pd | 7/2+ | |-id=Rhodium-105m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^105mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 129.742(4)&nbsp;keV | 42.8(3)&nbsp;s | IT | ¹⁰⁵Rh | 1/2− | |-id=Rhodium-106 | ¹⁰⁶Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 61 | 105.9072859(58) | 30.07(35)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹⁰⁶Pd | 1+ | |-id=Rhodium-106m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^106mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 132(11)&nbsp;keV | 131(2)&nbsp;min | β^− | ¹⁰⁶Pd | (6)+ | |-id=Rhodium-107 | ¹⁰⁷Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 62 | 106.906748(13) | 21.7(4)&nbsp;min | β^− | ¹⁰⁷Pd | 7/2+ |-id=Rhodium-107m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^107mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 268.36(4)&nbsp;keV | >10&nbsp;μs | IT | ¹⁰⁷Rh | 1/2− | |-id=Rhodium-108 | ¹⁰⁸Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 63 | 107.908715(15) | 16.8(5)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹⁰⁸Pd | 1+ | |-id=Rhodium-108m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^108mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 115(18)&nbsp;keV | 6.0(3)&nbsp;min | β^− | ¹⁰⁸Pd | (5+) | |-id=Rhodium-109 | ¹⁰⁹Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 64 | 108.9087496(43) | 80.8(7)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹⁰⁹Pd | 7/2+ | |-id=Rhodium-109m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^109mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 225.873(19)&nbsp;keV | 1.66(4)&nbsp;μs | IT | ¹⁰⁹Rh | 3/2+ | |-id=Rhodium-110 | ¹¹⁰Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 65 | 109.911080(19) | 3.35(12)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹⁰Pd | (1+) | |-id=Rhodium-110m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^110mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 220(150)#&nbsp;keV | 28.5(13)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹⁰Pd | (6+) | |-id=Rhodium-111 | ¹¹¹Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 66 | 110.9116432(74) | 11(1)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹¹Pd | (7/2+) | |-id=Rhodium-112 | ¹¹²Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 67 | 111.914405(47) | 3.4(4)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹²Pd | (1+) | |-id=Rhodium-112m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^112mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 340(70)&nbsp;keV | 6.73(15)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹²Pd | (6+) | |-id=Rhodium-113 | ¹¹³Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 68 | 112.9154402(77) | 2.80(12)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹³Pd | (7/2+) | |-id=Rhodium-114 | ¹¹⁴Rh | style="text-align:right" | 45 | style="text-align:right" | 69 | 113.918722(77) | 1.85(5)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹⁴Pd | 1+ | |-id=Rhodium-114m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^114mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 200(150)#&nbsp;keV | 1.85(5)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹⁴Pd | (7−) | |-id=Rhodium-115 | rowspan=2|¹¹⁵Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 70 | rowspan=2|114.9203116(79) | rowspan=2|1.03(3)&nbsp;s | β^− | ¹¹⁵Pd | rowspan=2|(7/2+) | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n? | ¹¹⁴Pd |-id=Rhodium-116 | rowspan=2|¹¹⁶Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 71 | rowspan=2|115.924062(79) | rowspan=2|685(39)&nbsp;ms | β^− (>97.9%) | ¹¹⁶Pd | rowspan=2|1+ | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n? (<2.1%) | ¹¹⁵Pd |-id=Rhodium-116m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^116mRh | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 200(150)#&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2|570(50)&nbsp;ms | β^− (>97.9%) | ¹¹⁶Pd | rowspan=2|(6−) | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n? (<2.1%) | ¹¹⁵Pd |-id=Rhodium-117 | rowspan=2|¹¹⁷Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 72 | rowspan=2|116.9260363(95) | rowspan=2|421(30)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹¹⁷Pd | rowspan=2|7/2+# | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n? (<7.6%) | ¹¹⁶Pd |-id=Rhodium-117m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^117mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 321.2(10)&nbsp;keV | 138(17)&nbsp;ns | IT | ¹¹⁷Rh | 3/2+# | |-id=Rhodium-118 | rowspan=2|¹¹⁸Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 73 | rowspan=2|117.930341(26) | rowspan=2|282(9)&nbsp;ms | β^− (96.9%) | ¹¹⁸Pd | rowspan=2|1+# | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (3.1%) | ¹¹⁷Pd |-id=Rhodium-118m | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^118mRh | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 200(150)#&nbsp;keV | rowspan=3|310(30)&nbsp;ms | β^− (96.9%) | ¹¹⁸Pd | rowspan=3|6−# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (3.1%) | ¹¹⁷Pd |- | IT? | ¹¹⁸Rh |-id=Rhodium-119 | rowspan=2|¹¹⁹Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74 | rowspan=2|118.932557(10) | rowspan=2|190(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− (93.6%) | ¹¹⁹Pd | rowspan=2|7/2+# | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (6.4%) | ¹¹⁸Pd |-id=Rhodium-120 | rowspan=3| ¹²⁰Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 75 | rowspan=3| 119.93707(22)# | rowspan=3| 129.6(42)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²⁰Pd | rowspan=3| 8−# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (<9.3%) | ¹¹⁹Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹¹⁸Pd |-id=Rhodium-120m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^120mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 157.2(7)&nbsp;keV | 295(16)&nbsp;ns | IT | ¹²⁰Rh | 6# | |-id=Rhodium-121 | rowspan=2| ¹²¹Rh | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 76 | rowspan=2| 120.93961(67) | rowspan=2| 74(4)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²¹Pd | rowspan=2| 7/2+# | rowspan=2| |- | β^−, n (>11%) | ¹²⁰Pd |-id=Rhodium-122 | rowspan=3| ¹²²Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 77 | rowspan=3| 121.94431(32)# | rowspan=3| 51(6)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²²Pd | rowspan=3| 7−# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (<3.9%) | ¹²¹Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²⁰Pd |-id=Rhodium-122m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^122mRh | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 271.0(7)&nbsp;keV | 830(120)&nbsp;ns | IT | ¹²²Rh | 4+# | |-id=Rhodium-123 | rowspan=3| ¹²³Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 78 | rowspan=3| 122.94719(43)# | rowspan=3| 42(4)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²³Pd | rowspan=3| 7/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (>24%) | ¹²²Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²¹Pd |-id=Rhodium-124 | rowspan=3| ¹²⁴Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 79 | rowspan=3| 123.95200(43)# | rowspan=3| 30(2)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²⁴Pd | rowspan=3| 2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n (<31%) | ¹²³Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²²Pd |-id=Rhodium-125 | rowspan=3|¹²⁵Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 80 | rowspan=3|124.95509(54)# | rowspan=3|26.5(20)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²⁵Pd | rowspan=3|7/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹²⁴Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²³Pd |-id=Rhodium-126 | rowspan=3|¹²⁶Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 81 | rowspan=3|125.96006(54)# | rowspan=3|19(3)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²⁶Pd | rowspan=3|1−# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹²⁵Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²⁴Pd |-id=Rhodium-127 | rowspan=3|¹²⁷Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 82 | rowspan=3|126.96379(64)# | rowspan=3|28(14)&nbsp;ms | β^− | ¹²⁷Pd | rowspan=3|7/2+# | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹²⁶Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²⁵Pd |-id=Rhodium-128 | rowspan=3|¹²⁸Rh | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 45 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 83 | rowspan=3|127.97065(32)# | rowspan=3|8#&nbsp;ms[>&nbsp;550&nbsp;ns] | β^−? | ¹²⁸Pd | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β^−, n? | ¹²⁷Pd |- | β^−, 2n? | ¹²⁶Pd

See also

Daughter products other than rhodium

• Isotopes of palladium
• Isotopes of ruthenium
• Isotopes of technetium

References

• Isotope masses from:
• Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.