Rhabdoderma is an extinct genus of coelacanth fish in the class Sarcopterygii. Fossils of Rhabdoderma have been found in Europe, Madagascar and North America, in Carboniferous and Early Triassic (Induan) aged rocks, with a hiatus in between. The type species was originally described as Coelacanthus elegans. Five species are considered valid in 1981.