Pupilla is a genus of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Pupillinae of the family Pupillidae.
Shells of Pupilla species are known from terrestrial Cenozoic strata dating back to the Oligocene until the Holocene period.
Distribution
This genus occurs in Eurasia, northern Africa and North America.
Species
Species within the genus Pupilla include:
- â Pupilla aeoli <small>(Hilber, 1884)</small>
- Pupilla afghanicum <small>Solem, 1979</small>
- Pupilla alabiella <small>Schileyko, 1984</small>
- Pupilla alaskensis <small>Nekola & Coles, 2014</small>
- â Pupilla almuhambetovae <small>Prysjazhnjuk, 2017</small>
- Pupilla alpicola <small>(Charpentier, 1837)</small>
- Pupilla annandalei <small>Pilsbry</small>
- Pupilla anzobica <small>Izzatullaev, 1970</small>
- Pupilla armeniaca <small>(Issel, 1865)</small>
- â Pupilla bargi <small>Prysiazhniuk, 2017</small>
- â Pupilla belokrysi <small>Steklov, 1966</small>
- Pupilla bigranata <small>(Rossmässler 1839)</small> (taxon inquirendum)
- Pupilla bipatulata <small>Akramowski, 1943</small>
- â Pupilla bituberculata <small>H.-J. Wang & S.-Y. Guo, 1991</small>
- â Pupilla blainvilleana <small>(Dupuy, 1850)</small>
- Pupilla blandii <small>E. S. Morse, 1865</small> â Rocky Mountain column
- â Pupilla bogdanovkaense <small>Prysiazhniuk, 2017</small>
- Pupilla brevicostis <small>(Benson, 1849)</small>
- Pupilla calacharicus <small>(Boettger, 1886)</small>
- â Pupilla capitani <small>(de Morgan, 1920)</small>
- â Pupilla crossei <small>(Michaud, 1862)</small>
- â Pupilla cupella <small>O. Boettger, 1889</small>
- â Pupilla diezi <small>(Flach, 1890)</small>
- Pupilla diopsis <small>(Benson, 1863)</small>
- Pupilla duplicata <small>(Preston, 1911)</small>
- Pupilla ficulnea <small>(Tate, 1894)</small>
- Pupilla gallae <small>Tzvetkov, 1940</small>
- Pupilla goniodon <small>Pilsbry, 1927</small>
- Pupilla guadalupensis <small>Pilsbry, 1927</small>
- Pupilla gutta <small>(Benson, 1864)</small>
- Pupilla hebes <small>(Ancey 1881)</small> â crestless column
- Pupilla hokkaidoensis <small>Nekola, Coles & S. Chiba, 2014</small>
- Pupilla hudsoniana <small>Nekola & Coles, 2014</small>
- Pupilla iheringi <small>Suter, 1900</small>
- â Pupilla impressa <small>(F. Sandberger, 1862)</small>
- Pupilla inequidenta <small>Schileyko & Almuhambetova, 1979</small>
- â Pupilla inermis <small>Russell, 1931</small>
- Pupilla inops <small>(Reinhardt, 1877)</small>
- â Pupilla iratiana <small>(Dupuy, 1850)</small>
- Pupilla khunjerabica <small>Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváà& Naggs, 2009</small>
- Pupilla kyrostriata <small>Walther & Hausdorf, 2014</small>
- Pupilla limata <small>Schileyko, 1984</small>
- Pupilla loessica <small>LoÃ
¾ek, 1954</small>
- â Pupilla michaudi <small>Wenz, 1919</small>
- â Pupilla mlomnickii <small>(Friedberg, 1905)</small>
- Pupilla muscorum <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> â widespread column â type species
- â Pupilla mutabilis <small>Steklov, 1966</small>
- Pupilla obliquicosta <small>Smith, 1892</small> â extinct
- Pupilla paraturcmenica <small>Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváà& Naggs, 2009</small>
- â Pupilla parvula <small>(Deshayes, 1863)</small>
- â Pupilla perlabiata <small>Gottschick & Wenz, 1919</small>
- â Pupilla poltavica <small>O. Boettger, 1889</small>
- Pupilla profundotuberculata <small>H.-J. Wang & S.-Y. Guo, 1991</small>
- Pupilla pupula
- Pupilla quxuensis <small>D.-N. Chen & G.-Q. Zhang, 2001</small>
- â Pupilla retusa <small>(F. Sandberger, 1858)</small>
- â Pupilla roberti <small>Prysiazhniuk, 2017</small>
- Pupilla salemensis <small>(W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861)</small>
- Pupilla satparanica <small>Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváà& Naggs, 2009</small>
- â Pupilla selecta <small>(Thomä, 1845)</small>
- â Pupilla selectiformis <small>(Simionescu & Barbu, 1940)</small>
- Pupilla seriola <small>(Benson, 1861)</small>
- â Pupilla shantungensis <small>Yen, 1969</small>
- Pupilla simplexa <small>Y.-T. Li, 1985</small>
- Pupilla sonorana <small>(Sterki, 1899)</small> â three-tooth column
- â Pupilla staszicii <small>(Ã
Âomnicki, 1886)</small>
- â Pupilla steinheimensis <small>(K. Miller, 1900)</small>
- Pupilla sterkiana <small>(Pilsbry, 1890)</small>
- Pupilla sterrii <small>(Forster & Voith, 1840)</small>
- Pupilla striopolita <small>Schileyko, 1984</small>
- â Pupilla subquadridens <small>(A. d'Orbigny, 1852)</small>
- Pupilla syngenes <small>(Pilsbry, 1890)</small> â top-heavy column
- Pupilla tetrodus <small>(Boettger, 1870)</small>
- Pupilla triplicata <small>(Studer, 1820)</small>
- â Pupilla triplicatoidea <small>Steklov, 1966</small>
- â Pupilla tschumakovi <small>Prysjazhnjuk, 2017</small>
- Pupilla turcmenica <small>(O. Boettger)</small>
- â Pupilla zeisslerae <small>Schlickum, 1975</small>
- Pupilla ziaratana <small>Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváà& Naggs, 2009</small>
Synonyms
- Pupilla barrackporensis <small>Gude, 1914</small>: synonym of Insulipupa malayana <small>(Issel, 1874)</small> (junior synonym)
- Pupilla cinghalensis <small>Gude, 1914</small>: synonym of Indopupa cinghalensis <small>(Gude, 1914)</small> (original combination)
- Pupilla cryptodon <small>(Heude, 1880)</small>: synonym of Gibbulinopsis cryptodon <small>(Heude, 1880)</small> (unaccepted combination)
- Pupilla cupa <small>(Jan 1832)</small>: synonym of Pupilla muscorum <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> (junior synonym)
- Pupilla draparnaudi <small>Leach [in Turton], 1831</small>: synonym of Lauria cylindracea <small>(Da Costa, 1778)</small>
- Pupilla floridana <small>Dall, 1885</small>: synonym of Gastrocopta pentodon <small>(Say, 1822)</small> (junior synonym)
- Pupilla fontana <small>(Krauss, 1848)</small>: synonym of Gibbulinopsis fontana <small>(F. Krauss, 1848)</small> (superseded combination)
- Pupilla gracilis <small>Izzatullaev, 1970</small>: synonym of Gibbulinopsis gracilis <small>(Izzatullaev, 1970)</small> (original combination)
- Pupilla hudsonianum [sic]: synonym of Pupilla hudsoniana <small>Nekola & Coles, 2014</small> (wrong gender agreement of specific epithet)
- Pupilla muscerda <small>(Benson, 1853)</small>: synonym of Microstele muscerda <small>(Benson, 1853)</small> (unaccepted combination)
- Pupilla pratensis <small>(Clessin, 1871)</small>: synonym of Pupilla alpicola <small>(Charpentier, 1837)</small> (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- â Pupilla quadrigranata <small>(F. Sandberger, 1858)</small>: synonym of â Pupilla selecta <small>(Thomä, 1845)</small> (junior synonym)
- Pupilla reibischi <small>Dall & Ochsner, 1928</small>: synonym of Gastrocopta reibischi <small>(Dall & Ochsner, 1928)</small> (original name)
- Pupilla salmensis (W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861): synonym of Pupilla salemensis <small>(W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861)</small> (misspelling of original name.)
- Pupilla signata <small>(Mousson, 1873)</small>: synonym of Gibbulinopsis signata <small>(Mousson, 1873)</small>
- Pupilla stoneri <small>Chamberlin & Jones, 1929</small>: synonym of Gastrocopta pilsbryana <small>(Sterki, 1890)</small>
- â Pupilla submuscorum <small>Gottschick & Wenz, 1919</small>: synonym of â Gibbulinopsis submuscorum <small>(Gottschick & Wenz, 1919)</small>
- Pupilla wolfae <small>Tzvetkov, 1940</small>: synonym of Pupilla sterrii <small>(Voith, 1840)</small> (junior synonym)
References
- Flach, K. (1890). Palaeontologische Beiträge. Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-Medicinischen Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, Neue Folge. 24(3): 49âÂÂ59, pl. 1.
- Schileyko, A. A. (1984). Nazemnye molljuski podotrjada Pupillina fauny SSSR (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Geophila). In:. Fauna SSSR, Molljuski. III, 3
- Held, F. (1837âÂÂ1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303âÂÂ309 (1837); 30 (12): 901âÂÂ919 (1838). Leipzig
External links
- Draparnaud, J. P. R. (1801). Tableau des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France. Montpellier / Paris (Renaud / Bossange, Masson & Besson). 1âÂÂ116
- Pilsbry, H. A. (1920âÂÂ1921). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 26: Pupillidae (Vertigininae, Pupillinae). pp iâÂÂiv, 1âÂÂ254, pls 1âÂÂ24. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences
- Held, F. (1837âÂÂ1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303âÂÂ309 (1837); 30 (12): 901âÂÂ919 (1838). Leipzig
- Dall, W. H. (1904). Notes on the nomenclature of the Pupacea and associated forms. The Nautilus. 17(10): 114âÂÂ116
- Cockerell, T. D. A. (1905). Note on the nomenclature of the snails usually called Pupa. The Nautilus. 18(9): 103âÂÂ105