Punctum is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Punctinae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Distribution
This genus is found throughout the Holarctic ecozone, and also in South Africa and Mexico.
Species
The genus Punctum includes the following species:
The type species is Helix minutissima <small>Lea, 1841</small>
- Punctum abbadianum <small>(Bourguignat, 1883)</small>
- Punctum adami <small>Bruggen & Goethem, 2001</small>
- â Punctum alveus <small>Pierce, 1992</small>
- Punctum amblygonum <small>(Reinhardt, 1877)</small>
- Punctum apertum <small>Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1904</small>
- Punctum atomus <small>Pilsbry & Hirase, 1904</small>
- Punctum azoricum <small>De Winter, 1988</small>
- Punctum blandianum <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
- Punctum boreale <small>Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1905</small>
- Punctum bristoli <small> (Gulick,1904)</small>
- Punctum brucei<small> (Jickeli, 1874)</small>
- Punctum californicum <small>Pilsbry, 1898</small>
- Punctum camerunense <small>de Winter, 2017</small>
- Punctum depressum <small>Odhner, 1922</small>
- Punctum elachistum <small>Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1904</small>
- Punctum hainanensis <small>(Möllendorff, 1887)</small>
- Punctum hannai <small>B. Roth, 1985</small>
- Punctum horneri <small>Ancey, 1904</small>
- Punctum infans <small>Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1904</small>
- Punctum japonicum <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
- Punctum kilimanjaricum <small>Verdcourt, 1978</small>
- Punctum lepta <small>(Westerlund, 1883)</small>
- Punctum lozeki <small>Horsák & Meng, 2018</small>
- Punctum micropleuros <small>(Paget, 1854)</small>
- Punctum minutissimum <small>I. Lea, 1841</small> â but Helix minutissima may be considered as a synonym of Punctum pygmaeum
- Punctum mokotoense <small>Abdou & Bouchet, 2000</small>
- Punctum morseanum <small>Pilsbry, 1902</small>
- Punctum nimbaense <small>de Winter, 2017</small>
- â Punctum oligocaenicum <small>Zinndorf, 1901</small>
- Punctum orphana <small>(Heude, 1882)</small>
- Punctum pallidum <small>Connolly, 1922</small>
- â Punctum parvulum <small>Gottschick, 1920</small>
- â Punctum parvulum <small>A. B. Leonard, 1972</small> (unreplaced junior homonym; junior homonym of â Punctum parvulum <small>Gottschick, 1920</small>; no replacement name is available))
- â Punctum patagonicum <small>Miquel & P. E. Rodriguez, 2016</small>
- Punctum petiti <small>Fischer-Piette & Vukadinovic, 1971</small>
- Punctum polynesicum <small>Solem, 1983</small>
- â Punctum propygmaeum <small>Andreae, 1904</small>
- â Punctum pumilio <small>Jooss, 1918</small>
- Punctum pygmaeum <small>(Draparnaud, 1801)</small> â type species
- Punctum randolphi <small>Dall, 1895</small>
- Punctum rota <small>Pilsbry & Hirase, 1904</small>
- Punctum seychellarum <small>Gerlach, 1998</small>
- Punctum smithi <small>Morrison, 1935</small>
- Punctum taiwanicum <small>Pilsbry & Hirase, 1905</small>
- Punctum ugandanum <small>(E. A. Smith, 1903)</small>
- Punctum ussuriense <small>Likharev & Rammelmeyer, 1952</small>
- Punctum vitreum <small>H. B. Baker, 1930</small>
Synonyms:
- Punctum (Toltecia) <small>Pilsbry, 1926</small>: synonym of Paralaoma <small>Iredale, 1913</small>
- Punctum abyssinicum <small>(Jickeli, 1874)</small>: synonym of Trachycystis abyssinica <small>(Jickeli, 1874)</small>
- Punctum clappi <small>Pilsbry, 1898</small>: synonym of Planogyra clappi <small>(Pilsbry, 1898)</small> (original combination)
- Punctum conicum <small>Odhner, 1922</small>: synonym of Sinployea conica <small>(Odhner, 1922)</small> (original combination)
- Punctum conspectum <small>(Bland, 1865)</small>: synonym of Paralaoma servilis <small>(Shuttleworth, 1852)</small> (junior synonym)
- Punctum cryophilum <small>(E. von Martens, 1865)</small>: synonym of Toltecia pusilla <small>(Lowe, 1831)</small>: synonym of Paralaoma servilis <small>(Shuttleworth, 1852)</small>
- Punctum homalospira <small>(Morelet, 1883)</small>: synonym of Psichion homalospira <small>(Morelet, 1883)</small> (superseded combination)
- Punctum hottentotum <small>(Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891)</small>: synonym of Paralaoma hottentota <small>(Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891)</small> (superseded combination)
- Punctum lederi <small>(O. Boettger, 1880)</small>: synonym of Paralaoma servilis <small>(Shuttleworth, 1852)</small> (invalid combination)
- â Punctum victoris <small>(Michaud, 1862)</small>: synonym of â Lucilla victoris <small>(Michaud, 1862)</small>
References
- Fujie, A. (2000). Holocene Fossil Assemblages of Minute Land Molluscs from Sand Dunes on Kikaijima lsland in the Amami Archipelago, Japan. Venus (Journal of the Malacological Society of Japan). 59 (4): 317âÂÂ324
External links
- AnimalBase info
- Morse, E. S. (1864). Observations on the terrestrial Pulmonifera of Maine, including a catalogue of all the species of terrestrial and fluviatile Mollusca known to inhabit the state. Journal of the Portland Society of Natural History. 1(1): 1âÂÂ63, pls 1âÂÂ10
- Pfeiffer, L. (1878âÂÂ1881). Nomenclator heliceorum viventium. [Posthumous work edited by S. Clessin]. Fischer: Cassel. 617 pp. See Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 for section dates. pp. 1âÂÂ64, 1878; 65âÂÂ192, 1879; 193âÂÂ400, 1879âÂÂ80; 401âÂÂ546, 1881; 547âÂÂ617, 1881