This is a list of those who have served as President of the Republic of Peru (head of state and head of government of Peru) from its establishment to the present. The office was established by the 1822 Constituent Congress, after the resignation of José de San MartÃÂn to his position as Protector of Peru and his subsequent departure from the country.
The first president was José de la Riva Agüero and the current officeholder is José MarÃÂa Balcázar. In the history of the position, there has been several political crises, caudillos, barracks revolt, civil wars, death of the incumbent, coups d'état, parliamentary attempts to remove the presidency, one self-coup, and vacancies dictated by the congress. The list is based on the official list of rulers by the Peruvian Congress, as well as the constitutions, laws, and decrees in each case.
Even though they were not presidents, the list includes the Libertadores San MartÃÂn and Simón BolÃÂvar due to their historical relevance in the independence of Peru and its consolidation. The country's name was changed from "Peruvian Republic" (República peruana) to "Republic of Peru" (República del Perú) in 1980, after the 1979 constitution came into effect.
<u>Political parties:</u>
Far-right:
Right wing:
Centre-right:
Centrist:
Centre-left:
Far-left:
Others:
Died in office
Those who are mentioned in the following list were sworn in as presidents of Peru, because of a political crisis, however, they never came to govern: