Princess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria (; 30 August 1813 – 25 May 1862) was the second child and eldest daughter of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.
Mathilde Caroline was the daughter of Ludwig I, King of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen. Mathilde descended multiple times over from the House of Hesse-Darmstadt.
On 26 December 1833 in Munich, Mathilde married Louis of Hesse, eldest son and heir of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Wilhelmine of Baden.
The couple moved to Dusseldorf in early 1834. They had no children.
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