Bothriembryontidae

Bothriembryontidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.

Taxonomy

This family has been named Placostylidae and had no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Breure et al. (2010) moved Prestonella and Bothriembryon to Placostylidae.

Breure & Romero (2012) confirmed previous results from 2010 and they renamed Placostylidae to Bothriembryontidae.

• subfamily Bothriembryontinae Iredale, 1937
• subfamily Placostylinae Pilsbry, 1946 - for species from New Zealand and Melanesia

Prestonellinae was formally described as a new subfamily within Bothriembryontidae in 2016. Therefore three subfamilies are recognized in Bothriembryontidae:

• subfamily Bothriembryontinae Iredale, 1937
• subfamily Placostylinae Pilsbry, 1946
• Prestonellinae van Bruggen, Herbert & Breure, 2016

Genera

Genera within the family Bothriembryontidae include:

Bothriembryontinae

• Bothriembryon - the type genus of the family Bothriembryontidae

Bothriembryontidae incertae sedis (temporary name)

• Alterorhinus <small>Salvador, F. S. Silva & Cavallari, 2023</small>

Placostylinae

• Archaeostylus Brook & Hayward, 2022
• Aspastus <small>Albers, 1850</small>
• Basileostylus <small>F. Haas, 1935</small>
• Callistocharis <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
• Diplomorpha <small>Ancey, 1884</small>
• Eumecostylus <small>Martens in Albers, 1860</small>
• Euplacostylus <small>Crosse, 1875</small>
• Leucocharis <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
• Placocharis <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
• Placostylus <small>Beck, 1837</small> - the type genus of the (sub)family Placostylidae
• Poecilocharis <small>Kobelt, 1891</small>
• Quiros <small>Solem, 1959</small>
• Santacharis <small>Iredale, 1927</small>

Prestonellinae

• Discoleus <small>Breure, 1978</small>
• Plectostylus <small>Beck, 1837</small>
• Prestonella <small>Connolly, 1929</small> - type genus of the subfamily Prestonellinae

A cladogram based on nuclear ITS2, 28S rRNA and histone 3 (H3) and sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of Bothriembryontidae by Breure & Romero (2012):

Distribution

Bothriembryontidae have Gondwanan distribution.

References

Further reading

• Neubert E. & Janssen R. (2004). "Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 84: Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae (2), Orthalicidae, Placostylidae". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 133: 193-297. abstract.
• Pilsbry H. A. (1900). Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. Volume 13. Australasian Bulimulidae: Bothriembryon, Placostylus. Helicidae: Amphidromus. 253 pp., 72 plates.