Posuà ¡je () is a town and municipality in the West Herzegovina Canton of Bosnia and Herzegovina, near border with Croatia.
It lies in the Posuà ¡ko polje, at an altitude of 675 m, at the intersection of the road from Split and Imotski in Croatia towards Tomislavgrad and Mostar.
The name Posuà ¡je is derived from suà ¡a (Croatian for drought). The area of Posuà ¡je was historically a dry area with water-supply problems. The problem was solved by building an artificial Tribistovo Lake in 1989.
According to the 2013 census, the population of Posuà ¡je town was 6,267.
Posuà ¡je is 29 km from à  iroki Brijeg, 54 km from Mostar, 10 km from Imotski and 71 km from Makarska in Croatia.
Posuà ¡je field is located at an altitude of about 610 m, Vir field at about 520 m, Rakitno at about 900 m, PloÃÂno (peak of ÃÂvrsnica mountain) is at 2228 m, and the area around the lake Blidinje 1050 meters and more.
There has been settlement in the area since pre-Slavic times when the Illyrians inhabited the region.
From the older (Paleolithic) and middle (Mesolithic) periods of Stone Age, the period of primitive man hunter and wild berries collector, in the area of Posuà ¡je municipality were not found traces of human beings.
In the early period (Neolithic) stone age in southern Europe the way of human life significantly changed became a farmer and cattleman, built a permanent settlement, and was making ceramics. From this period, from his older sub-period, in the municipality Posuà ¡je, there are remains a human beings from sites VuÃÂje Njive (Wolves fields), IliÃÂinova Lazina, Prataruà ¡a and à ½ukovia cave in Vir. In the younger Neolithic in this region has dominated Hvar-lisiÃÂiàculture. Its remainings in the area of the municipality Posuà ¡je were found in localities: Brig next Bagaruà ¡a, Mostina (Batin), Sridnji Brig (Gradac), Central (Gradac and VrijoviÃÂki brig (Gradac). In Copper age (2400âÂÂ1800 BC ), there was prevailing "stringy ceramics" so-Herzegovina, belonging to such sites: NeÃÂajno and Trostruka gradina ('triple fort') between Posuà ¡je and Grude.
Dissolution of the Neolithic groups and the beginning of the new groups, the metal age in this region is, caused primarily by great migration of Indo-Europeans that took place in the last centuries of 3rd and beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. This great migration, like the other before and later, also happened in steps, and her third and last step, completed the occupation of the area between the Sava and the Adriatic Sea. From then on the immigrant culture and indigenous people mix, new types of settlements, ruins, and very closed communities are being created. As a typical example of such a Bronze Age culture, is set aside, in this region, the dominant "Cetina culture" mostly in central Dalmatia, and in some segments quite similar to her "Posuà ¡je culture", mainly by widespread Herzegovina, central and northern part of Dalmatia.
Iron Age (8th century BC â 9 years AD) is the genesis completion time and the time of Illyrian tribes and communities forming, their touches via trade with Apennine Peninsula, the Greeks, and a number of wars with the Romans. Municipality Posuà ¡je certainly belonged to the Illyrian tribe Dalmatae. Dalmatae were very warlike and livestock people, and in a series of wars during the 2nd and 1st century BC, gave the huge resistance to the Roman state. Neither Gaius Julius Caesar did not succeed to defeat them. It succeeded to the first Roman emperor Octavian Augustus. Roman impression by Dalmatae caused them later to name the whole province, much higher than territory of Dalmatae, after them (Dalmatia).
From the Iron Age in the Posuà ¡je municipality area there is a huge number of ruins, the typical settlement of Dalmatae and over today Posuà ¡je and Vir field is considered to be an important trade route went from the commercial port Narona (Vid near MetkoviÃÂ) to the town of Delminium (today Tomislavgrad in Duvno field), the main center of Illyric tribes. The money, "drachma Dyrahija", found in Vir, supports this theory. Archaeologist Zdravko Mariàclaimed that the Vir is one of the most important cultural sites in the territory of Dalmatae. Another archaeologist Borivoj ÃÂoviàhas classified the area of Posuà ¡je in the "central Illyrian territory."
Romans, after the occupation of this area, have been developing villages near the former Illyrian settlements. Settlements have been connected with roads whose rare remains are today still visible in the municipality Posuà ¡je. Roman road Gradac - Tribistovo - PokleÃÂani - Petroviàhas been documented as a verified safe route. On the other hand, archaeologists Ballif and Patsch claim that Vinjani were also an important road junction. A road direction from Vir, below Zavelim and towards Vinica and later towards Arà ¾ano, has been marked as a safe one.
In Roman times in the entire Posuà ¡je municipality area there were settlements, forts and cemeteries. Among the most important settlements was, most probably Gradac, where were two forts and settlement, the well-known late antique Christian basilica(4thâÂÂ5th century), while in the area of ÃÂitluk there was a Roman Villa Rustica. In the ÃÂitluk area, near Orlov kuk, there has been also a Roman fort as well as in the Plià ¡ivica on Vinjani, while in the Vir such fort was on the site of Gradina above the Glavica. In Tribistovo have been found two Roman forts as well as in Sutina in Rakitno, while in PetroviÃÂi there were fort and basilica. In the area of Zagorje, however, there were found coins of the emperors Constantine I and Valens.
In the 7th century Croats appeared on the historical stage establishing their first principalities, mainly Tomislav, then King of the Kingdom of Croatia. The entire Posuà ¡je area at this time belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia, which among other things, is proved by the Old Croatian-style graves around the early Christian basilica in Gradac.
In later periods (the early and late Middle Ages), Posuà ¡je was predominately ruled by the noble family Nelipiàfrom Sinj, with their rule being interchanged with the House of KotromaniÃÂ. The name Posuà ¡je is first mentioned in written document are 1378, in the parliaments description invited by Margareta, widow of the nobleman Ivan Nelipiàwho was owner of Posuà ¡je. Another mentioning of Posuà ¡je dates in 1403 in a document related to the commercial relations of Republic of Dubrovnik and Kingdom of Bosnia. The third mentioning of Posuà ¡je was in r1408, in the Charter of the Bosnian King Stjepan Ostoja where Posuà ¡je was called âÂÂà ¾upaâ (county, parish). Soon after, King Ostoja gave RadivojeviàPosuà ¡je. Later period are blamed to the weak kings of Bosnia and the powerful Croatian-Hungarian king Sigismund of Luxembourg.
Feudal anarchy, torn apart by the Croatian regions, and the Ottomans rather easily at 1463 have conquered Bosnia. Herzegovina was conquered by the Ottoman Empire completely in 1482 with the battle of Herceg-Novi, but the year of Posuà ¡jes downfall is attributed to the Krbava battle in 1493. The last Posuà ¡je settlement and the last Herzegovina settlement conquered by Turks was Vir. The defenders of Vir had a chain of defence forts above Vir and managed to resist up to 1513.
The first mentioning of Herzegovina sanjak dates from one news from the end of February 1470. With Ottoman conquests the area of this sanjak has been spreading. This sanjak has been of Rumelia Eyalet until the 1580 when it was merged into the newly formed Pashalik of Bosnia and remained inside of it until 1833. Sanjaks were divided on smaller administration area called and . All the land in the area of Posuà ¡je has become the property of sultan who has been sharing it among his subordinated noblemen. The name ÃÂitluk village dates from this period. Posuà ¡je area in the subsequent liberation wars in the 17th century, has become the border area between the Ottoman Empire and Venice, and as such had suffered much.
In 1878, after Herzegovinian rebellion against Turks in which people from Posuà ¡je have participated, the army of Austria-Hungary occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina. The army of Austria-Hungary was mostly composed of Croats and the Croatian generals Josip Filipoviàand Stjepan Jovanoviàled the invasion. Austria-Hungary established a protectorate and later in 1908 it annexed the country. Authorities of A-U were trying to improve the economy and literacy in the country. In the 1886/1887 it opened elementary school Rakitno in PokleÃÂani. In 1903/04, a school in Vir started to work. Later, schools have also been opened in city of Posuà ¡je, Gradac and other places. Special legacy for education of the local people goes to fra Didak BuntiÃÂ.
In 1918 Posuà ¡je has been included into the newly composed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. In 1939, based on the CvetkoviÃÂâÂÂMaÃÂek Agreement, Banovina of Croatia was formed, including the Posuà ¡je area. During NDH, 1941âÂÂ1945, the area of the current municipality was divided between Great county of Hum and Great county of Pliva-Rama.
In this area there are many cultural and historical monuments, among them being the old ruins from the Neolithic Age, Roman fortress of Gradac, the remains of Roman roads, over 20 Latin inscriptions on stone, early Christian basilica of the 4th century, discovered and preserved 1971âÂÂ1976. And almost every village, at least one steÃÂci necropolis with a medieval tombstones.
In the RastovaÃÂa, near Posuà ¡je born fra Grgo MartiÃÂ, a famous Franciscan and famous poet, who celebrated its avengers, consecration and memories. Renowned was his protest, the Congress of Berlin read:
In the area of Posuà ¡je, was also born friar , architect, writer and scientist. This clergyman wrote 27 works.
The SteÃÂak Necropolis RiÃÂina is the medieval necropolis with steÃÂak tombstones on the right bank of the RiÃÂina stream, located in the village of ÃÂitluk, on the main road from Posuà ¡je towards Tomislavgrad, municipality of Posuà ¡je, in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The necropolis is also designated a National Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina by the Commission to preserve national monuments in 2019. The necropolis was first registered in 1988 as an archaeological site in the Archaeological Lexicon of Bosnia and Herzegovina, namely as a prehistoric tumulus on which there is a necropolis of steÃÂaks, and between the steÃÂaks, the remains of the walls of a building that is supposed to be a medieval church can be seen. Part of the steÃÂak was destroyed during the construction of the road and the construction of the bridge.
In the downtown of Posuà ¡je is placed a monument in a tribute to Croatian defenders of Posuà ¡je. On the road to Blidinje from the west side of town is a monument to 'Vlado the Builder', a mythical figure in Posuà ¡jian lore, renowned for his contributions to the local prosciutto and Rakija culture.
19th-century church in downtown of Posuà ¡je is devoted to the Immaculate Concepcion.
Annual cultural and music programme Posuà ¡ko lito ("Posuà ¡je Summer") consists of concerts, exhibitions, workshops and various events from May to September.
Since 2014, annual music Festival klapske pisme Posuà ¡je ("Festival of klapa singing Posuà ¡je") is being held. Klapa singing in Posuà ¡je is present since 1980s. Local male Klapa Zvizdan ("Heyday") was founded in 2009 and female klapa group by the same name in 2016.
Branch of Matica hrvatska is active in the town.
The municipality is home to industries producing electrical cables, machinery and equipment, reinforced mesh, plastic products (pipes, bags, etc.), fruit juices, meat processing, and dairies.
There are clubs for most popular sports (football and basketball): Hà  K Posuà ¡je, which competes in Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina and HKK Posuà ¡je which competes in the Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The football fans from Posuà ¡je carry the name Poskoci â after the most dangerous viper in the area (poskok - plural poskoci= Vipera ammodytes) as the word game with Posuà ¡je. Bowling club Posuà ¡je (with its own hall) and traditional Bocce clubs - typical for mediterranean areas. In 2006 a golf club was founded in Posuà ¡je by Ivan ManduriÃÂ.