Poshan Haiming (; 8 March 1597 â 19 April 1666) was a towering figure in Chinese Chan Buddhism during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Revered as the "Little à ÂÃÂkyamuni" and the founder of the Shuanggui Temple (Double Laurel Temple), he revitalized the Linji school of Chan Buddhism in southwestern China, leaving an indelible mark on Buddhist history.
Poshan Haiming was born on 8 March 1597, in Dazhu County, Sichuan, during the late Ming dynasty (1368âÂÂ1644), to Jian Hong (), a descent from a prominent Ming dynasty official Jian Yi (). His ancestral home was in Ba County (now in Chongqing). He was given the secular name Jian Dongyu (). At age 19, disillusioned with worldly life, he renounced his family and was ordained under Chan master Dachi () at the Jiangjia Temple () in his home-county, receiving the monastic name Haiming () and the art name Xudong (). He initially studied the à Âà «raá¹ gama Sà «tra but was plagued by doubts. This prompted a journey across China, he visited sacred sites like Sizu Temple in Hubei and engaging in rigorous meditation at Potou Mountain ().
For years, Poshan Haiming secluded himself on Potou Mountain, embracing extreme asceticism. During this period, he adopted the name "Poshan" (), symbolizing both his location and the shattering of delusions. In a transformative incident, he fell from a cliff, severely injuring his leg. The intense pain provoked a profound awakening, deepening his understanding of Chan principles. He later studied under Miyun Yuanwu at the Jinsu Temple in Zhejiang. Their "mind-to-mind seal" confirmed him as a legitimate heir of the Caoxi lineage, solidifying his role in the Linji school.
In 1629, Poshan Haiming began his teaching career at Dongta Temple in Zhejiang, where he compiled discourses and attracted disciples. By 1632, he returned to Sichuan, presiding over major temples like Wanffng Temple and Taiping Temple. His sermons drew followers from Yunnan, Guizhou, and beyond. In 1653, with support from general Yao Yulin () , he established Shuanggui Temple in Liangping. According to legend, two laurel trees gifted by his teacher symbolized the site's sanctity. The temple became the "Leading Temple of Southwest China".
On 19 April 1666, Poshan Haiming died at Shuanggui Temple at age 70. He ordained over 100 disciples and authorized 87 dharma heirs, spreading his teachings across East Asia and North America.
Poshan Haiming composed over 1,300 poems reflecting on nature, war, and human suffering. He also mastered cursive calligraphy, praised for its elegance and depth.