Posey Township is one of nine townships in Fayette County, Indiana. As of the 2010 census, its population was 508 and it contained 202 housing units.
Posey Township was organized in 1823. It was named for Governor Thomas Posey.
The William Lowry House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , of which (or 99.84%) is land and (or 0.16%) is water.
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)
The township contains several cemeteries, the largest of which is adjacent to the Bentonville Christian Church. The remaining cemeteries are predominantly small family plots dating back to the 1800s.