Ponera is a genus of ponerine ants. The name is the Latinized form (') of the Ancient Greek ' (, 'wicked, wretched').
Description
Workers are very small to small in size (1âÂÂ4 mm); queen are similar to workers but winged. This genus is very similar to Cryptopone, Hypoponera and Pachycondyla.
Biology
Ponera nests contain less than 100 workers in protected places on the ground, most often in the soil or in cracks, rotten wood, under bark or moss on rotten logs.
Distribution
Ponera is known from the Holarctic, Samoa, New Guinea and Australia.
Species
- Ponera alisana <small>Terayama, 1986</small>
- Ponera alpha <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- Ponera augusta <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- Ponera bableti <small>Perrault, 1993</small>
- Ponera baka <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera bawana <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera bishamon <small>Terayama, 1996</small>
- Ponera borneensis <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- Ponera chapmani <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- Ponera chiponensis <small>Terayama, 1986</small>
- Ponera clavicornis <small>Emery, 1900</small>
- Ponera coarctata <small>(Latreille, 1802)</small>
- Ponera colaensis <small>Mann, 1921</small>
- Ponera diodonta <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- â Ponera elegantissima <small>Meunier, 1923</small>
- Ponera elegantula <small>Wilson, 1957</small>
- Ponera exotica <small>Smith, 1962</small>
- Ponera guangxiensis <small>Zhou, 2001</small>
- Ponera hubeiensis <small>Wang & Zhao, 2009</small>
- Ponera incerta <small>(Wheeler, 1933)</small>
- Ponera indica <small>Bharti & Wachkoo, 2012</small>
- Ponera japonica <small>Wheeler, 1906</small>
- Ponera kohmoku <small>Terayama, 1996</small>
- Ponera leae <small>Forel, 1913</small>
- â Ponera leptocephala <small>Emery, 1891</small>
- â Ponera lobulifera <small>Dlussky, 2009</small>
- Ponera loi <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- Ponera longlina <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera manni <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- â Ponera mayri <small>Dlussky, 2009</small>
- Ponera menglana <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera nangongshana <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera norfolkensis <small>Wheeler, 1935</small>
- Ponera oreas <small>(Wheeler, 1933)</small>
- Ponera paedericera <small>Zhou, 2001</small>
- Ponera pennsylvanica <small>Buckley, 1866</small>
- Ponera pentodontos <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera petila <small>Wilson, 1957</small>
- Ponera pianmana <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera rishen <small>Terayama, 2009</small>
- Ponera ruficornis <small>Spinola, 1851</small>
- Ponera scabra <small>Wheeler, 1928</small>
- Ponera selenophora <small>Emery, 1900</small>
- Ponera shennong <small>Terayama, 2009</small>
- Ponera sikkimensis <small>Bharti & Rilta, 2015</small>
- Ponera sinensis <small>Wheeler, 1928</small>
- Ponera swezeyi <small>(Wheeler, 1933)</small>
- Ponera syscena <small>Wilson, 1957</small>
- Ponera sysphinctoides <small>Bernard, 1950</small>
- Ponera szaboi <small>Wilson, 1957</small>
- Ponera szentivanyi <small>Wilson, 1957</small>
- Ponera taipingensis <small>Forel, 1913</small>
- Ponera taiyangshen <small>Terayama, 2009</small>
- Ponera takaminei <small>Terayama, 1996</small>
- Ponera tamon <small>Terayama, 1996</small>
- Ponera taylori <small>Bharti & Wachkoo, 2012</small>
- Ponera tenuis <small>(Emery, 1900)</small>
- Ponera terayamai <small>Leong, Guénard, Shiao & Lin, 2019</small>
- Ponera testacea <small>Emery, 1895</small>
- Ponera tudigong <small>Pierce, Leong & Guénard, 2019</small>
- â Ponera wheeleri <small>Dlussky, 2009</small>
- Ponera woodwardi <small>Taylor, 1967</small>
- Ponera wui <small>Leong, Guénard, Shiao & Lin, 2019</small>
- Ponera xantha <small>Xu, 2001</small>
- Ponera xenagos <small>Wilson, 1957</small>
- Ponera yuhuang <small>Terayama, 2009</small>
References
External links