Poltavsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Novokiyevskoye Rural Settlement, Novoanninsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 102 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.
Poltavsky is located in forest steppe on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the bank of the Karmanchik River, 59 km southeast of Novoanninsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Drobyazkin is the nearest rural locality.