Petrobia

Petrobia is a genus in Tetranychidae (spider mites), containing 34 described species. It includes some pest species.

Description

Petrobia mites can be recognised by their reddish-brown cuticle, dark body contents and the first leg pair being very long. Each leg ends in pad-like claws and a hooked (uncinate) empodium with more than 1 pair of tenent hairs. The prodorsum of the body has three pairs of setae (ve, sci, sce) and there are no prominent lobes over the gnathosoma. The paranal setae (h2-3) are in a ventral position.

The genus is usually divided into three subgenera: Mesotetranychus, Petrobia and Tetranychina (sometimes one or more of these are considered separate genera). Mesotetranychus has simple peritremes whereas Petrobia has anastomosing peritremes. Tetranychina usually has long dorsal setae on small tubercles (other subgenera sometimes have tubercles as well, but their dorsal setae are short).

Reproduction

Species of Petrobia may reproduce either sexually (e.g. P. harti) or asexually (e.g. P. latens).

In P. harti, males make up 10% or less of field populations. Eggs are laid on the ventral surfaces of host plant leaves.

Petrobia latens, on the other hand, has only female individuals. Females lay their eggs parthenogenetically on soil and under stones.

Pests

Several Petrobia species are polyphagous plant pests, meaning they attack a wide range of plants:

• Petrobia apicalis attacks onions and various legumes in Europe and the United States.
• Petrobia harti attacks various weeds (especially Oxalis spp.) and also fruit and ornamental plants. It has been dispersed to most of the world.
• Petrobia latens attacks various fruit, vegetable and grain crops. It is one of the few spider mites proven to transmit barley yellow streak mosaic virus.
• Petrobia tunisiae attacks grains and chrysanthemum in Iran and the Mediterranean region.

Species

These 34 species belong to the genus Petrobia:

• Petrobia apicalis <small>Banks, 1917</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia barkolensis <small>Wang & Cui, 1992</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia brevipes <small>Reck & Bagdasarian, 1949</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia californica <small>Baker & Tuttle, 1994</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia cardi <small>Chaudhri, 1972</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia carthagensis <small>Auger & Flechtmann, 2009</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia donnalucatensis <small>Vacante, 1983</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia dzhulfaensis <small>Bagdasarian, 1960</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia enodis <small>Meyer, 1987</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia haematoxylon <small>Meyer, 1987</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia harti <small>(Ewing, 1909)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g b}</span>
• Petrobia hemerocallis <small>Wang, 1982</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia hispaniola<span style="color:gray">^g</span>
• Petrobia jingheensis <small>Ma & Gao, 1991</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia latens <small>(Müller, 1776)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia layyahensis <small>Sabri & Afzal, 2008</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia lippiae <small>Baker & Tuttle, 1994</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia lupini <small>McGregor, 1950</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia lycopersici <small>Zaher, Gomaa & El-Enany, 1982</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia marsai <small>Manson, 1964</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia mexicana <small>Baker & Tuttle, 1983</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia moutiai <small>Baker & Pritchard, 1960</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia nocitus <small>Chaudhri, 1972</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia phaceliae <small>Tuttle & Baker, 1964</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia prasadi <small>Baker & Tuttle, 1994</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia pseudotetranychina <small>Auger & Flechtmann, 2009</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia tribulus <small>Chaudhri, 1972</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia tunisiae <small>Manson, 1964</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia uncata <small>(Flechtmann & Moraes, 1991)</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia vachushtii <small>Reck, 1948</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia waltheriae <small>Tuttle, Baker & Abbatiello, 1974</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia xerophila <small>Mitrofanov, 1975</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia xinjiangensis <small>Tan & Wang, 1992</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>
• Petrobia zachvatkini <small>Reck & Bagdasarian, 1949</small><span style="color:gray">^{c g}</span>

<small>Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net</small>

Identification

• Key to subgenera and to world species of subgenus Petrobia
• Key to world species of subgenus Mesotetranychus

References

Further reading

External links