Papathanasiou () is a Greek family name. People with this name include:
- Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou, better known as Vangelis, musician.
- Vassiliki Papathanasiou, better known as Vicky Leandros, singer.
- Leandros Papathanasiou, better known as Leo Leandros, musician.
- Aspasia Papathanasiou, Greek actress.
- Andreas Papathanasiou (born 1983), Cypriot footballer.
- Yannis Papathanasiou (born 1954), Greek politician.
- Aimilios Papathanasiou (born 1973), Greek sailor.