Pailhac (; ) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.
On June 25, 1687, a fire destroyed almost the entire village. Only the church and one house were spared.
The Occitan name of the municipality is Palhac.
Its origin lies in an ancient estate. It derives from the Latin personal name Palius with the suffix -acum ("Palius's estate").
Toponyms and mentions of Pailhac include: