The following outline provides an overview and topical guide to finance:
Finance â the field concerned with how individuals, businesses, and organizations raise, allocate, and manage monetary resources over time, while accounting for the risks associated with their activities and investments.
Overview
The term finance may incorporate any of the following:
Fundamental financial concepts
History
- Vix pervenit 1745, on usury and other dishonest profit
- Post-World War I hyperinflation; see
Finance terms by field
Accounting (financial record keeping)
Banking
- See articles listed under:
Corporate finance
Investment management
Personal finance
- Credit and debt
- Canada
- United Kingdom
- United States
Public finance
Risk management
Constraint finance
Insurance
Economics and finance
Finance-related areas of economics
Corporate finance theory
- Uncertainty
- Risk management
Asset pricing theory
Asset pricing models
- Equilibrium pricing
- Equities; foreign exchange and commodities
- Bonds; other interest rate instruments
- Risk neutral pricing
- Equities; foreign exchange and commodities; interest rates
- Bonds; other interest rate instruments
Mathematics and finance
Time value of money
Financial mathematics
Mathematical tools
Derivatives pricing
Portfolio mathematics
Financial markets
Market and instruments
Equity market
Equity valuation
Investment theory
Bond market
Money market
Commodity market
Derivatives market
Forward markets and contracts
Futures markets and contracts
Option markets and contracts
Swap markets and contracts
Derivative markets by underlyings
Equity derivatives
Interest rate derivatives
Credit derivatives
Foreign exchange derivative
Financial regulation
Designations and accreditation
Litigation
Fraud
Industry bodies
Regulatory and supervisory bodies
International
European Union
Regulatory bodies by country
United Kingdom
United States
United States legislation
Actuarial topics
Valuation
Underlying theory
Context
Considerations
Discounted cash flow valuation
Relative valuation
Contingent claim valuation
Other approaches
Financial modeling
Portfolio theory
General concepts
Modern portfolio theory
Post-modern portfolio theory
Performance measurement
Mathematical techniques
Quantitative investing
Financial software tools
Financial modeling applications
Corporate Finance
Quantitative finance
- Option pricing and calculation of their "Greeks"
- Other derivatives, especially interest rate derivatives, credit derivatives and exotic derivatives
- Modeling the term structure of interest rates (bootstrapping / multi-curves, short-rate models, HJM framework) and credit spreads
- Credit valuation adjustment, CVA, as well as the various XVA
- Credit risk, counterparty credit risk, and regulatory capital: EAD, PD, LGD, PFE
- Structured product design and manufacture
- Portfolio optimization and Quantitative investing more generally; see further re optimization methods employed.
- Financial risk modeling: value at risk (parametric- and / or historical, CVaR, EVT), stress testing, "sensitivities" analysis
Financial institutions
Financial institutions
Education
- For the typical finance career path and corresponding education requirements see:
- Financial analyst generally, and esp. ç Qualification, discussing various investment, banking, and corporate roles (i.e. financial management, corporate finance, investment banking, securities analysis & valuation, portfolio & investment management, credit analysis, working capital & treasury management; see )
- Quantitative analyst, and , specifically re roles in quantitative finance (i.e. derivative pricing & hedging, interest rate modeling, financial risk management, financial engineering, computational finance; also, the mathematically intensive variant on the banking roles; see )
- Business education lists undergraduate degrees in business, commerce, accounting and economics; "finance" may be taken as a major in most of these, whereas "quantitative finance" is almost invariably postgraduate, following a math-focused Bachelors; the most common degrees for (entry level) investment, banking, and corporate roles are:
- Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
- Bachelor of Commerce (BCom)
- Bachelor of Accountancy (B.Acc)
- Bachelor of Economics (B.Econ)
- Bachelor of Finance â the undergraduate version of the MSF below
- The tagged BS / BA "in Finance", or less common, "in Investment Management" or "in Personal Finance"
- At the postgraduate level, the MBA, MCom and MSM (and recently the Master of Applied Economics) similarly offer training in finance generally; at this level there are also the following specifically focused master's degrees, with MSF the broadest â see for their focus and inter-relation:
- Master of Applied Finance (M.App.Fin)
- Master of Commerce in Finance (MCom)
- Master of Computational Finance
- Master's in Corporate Finance
- Master of Finance (M.Fin, MIF)
- Master's in Financial Analysis
- Master of Financial Economics
- Master of Financial Engineering (MFE)
- Master of Financial Planning
- Master's in Financial Management
- Master of Financial Mathematics
- Master's in Financial Risk Management
- Master's in Investment Management
- Master of Mathematical Finance
- Master of Quantitative Finance (MQF)
- Master of Science in Finance (MSF, MSc Finance)
- MS in Fintech
- Doctoral-training in finance is usually a requirement for academia, but not relevant to industry
- quants often enter the profession with PhDs in disciplines such as physics, mathematics, engineering, and computer science, and learn finance "on the jobâÂÂ
- as an academic field, finance theory is studied and developed within the disciplines of management, (financial) economics, accountancy, and applied / financial mathematics.
- For specialized roles, there are various Professional Certifications in financial services (see #Designations and accreditation above); the best recognized are arguably:
- Association of Corporate Treasurers (MCT / FCT)
- Certificate in Quantitative Finance (CQF)
- Certified Financial Planner (CFP)
- Certified International Investment Analyst (CIIA)
- Certified Treasury Professional (CTP)
- Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA)
- Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)
- Chartered Wealth Manager (CWM)
- CISI Diploma in Capital Markets (MCSI)
- Financial Risk Manager (FRM)
- Professional Risk Manager (PRM)
- Various organizations offer executive education, CPD, or other focused training programs, including:
- Amsterdam Institute of Finance
- Canadian Securities Institute
- Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment
- GARP
- Global Risk Institute
- ICMA Centre
- The London Institute of Banking & Finance
- New York Institute of Finance
- PRMIA
- South African Institute of Financial Markets
- Swiss Finance Institute
- See also qualifications in related fields:
- Actuarial credentialing and exams
- Business education
- Economics education
See also
Related lists
References
External links