Outline of Australia

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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Australia:

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General reference

• Pronunciation:
• Common English country name: Australia
• Official English country name: Commonwealth of Australia
• Common endonym(s): Australia
• Official endonym(s): Commonwealth of Australia
• Nicknames / colloquial names: Land Down Under, Oz
• Adjectival(s): Australian
• Demonym(s): Australian; Aussie (colloquial)
• Etymology: Name of Australia
• International rankings of Australia
• ISO country codes: AU, AUS, 036
• ISO region codes: See
• Internet country code top-level domain: .au

Geography

Geography of Australia

• Australia is:
• a continent
• a country
• a sovereign state
• a nation state
• a Commonwealth realm
• a federation
• a megadiverse country
• Location:
• Earth
• Southern Hemisphere
• Eastern Hemisphere
• Oceania
• Australasia
• Australia lies between:
• Indian Ocean
• Pacific Ocean
• Southern Ocean
• Time zones:
• Australian Western Standard Time (AWST) – UTC+08
• Australian Central Standard Time (ACST) –
• Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST) – UTC+10
• Daylight saving time
• Australian Central Daylight Time (ACDT) –
• Australian Eastern Daylight Time (AEDT) – UTC+11
• Unofficial time zones
• Central Western Standard Time (CWST) –
• Extreme points of Australia (mainland)
• Northernmost Point – Cape York, Queensland (10°41' S)
• Southernmost Point – South Point, Wilsons Promontory, Victoria (39°08' S)
• Westernmost Point – Steep Point, Western Australia (113°09' E)
• Easternmost Point – Cape Byron, New South Wales (153°38' E)
• Highest Point – Mount Kosciuszko
• Lowest Point – Lake Eyre
• Land boundaries: none
• Coastline: 25,760&nbsp;km
• Population of Australia: 27,915,880 people (March 2026) – 54th most populous country
• Area of Australia: – 6th largest country
• Capital of Australia: Canberra
• Surveying in Australia

Environment

Environment of Australia

• Climate of Australia
• Bushfires in Australia
• Climate change in Australia
• Effects of global warming on Australia
• Ecoregions of Australia
• Environmental issues in Australia
• Renewable energy in Australia
• Geothermal power in Australia
• Solar power in Australia
• Wind power in Australia
• Geology of Australia
• National parks of Australia
• Protected areas of Australia
• Wildlife of Australia
• Flora of Australia
• Fauna of Australia
• Birds of Australia
• Mammals of Australia

Geographic features

• Islands of Australia
• Lakes of Australia
• Mountains of Australia
• Volcanoes in Australia
• Rivers of Australia
• Valleys of Australia
• Waterfalls of Australia
• World Heritage Sites in Australia

Regions

• Ecoregions in Australia

Multi-state regions

• Barkly Tableland
• Capital Country
• Eastern states of Australia
• East Coast of Australia
• Lake Eyre basin
• Murray–Darling basin
• Northern Australia
• The Nullarbor
• Outback
• Southern Australia

Administrative divisions

States and territories of Australia

States

• &nbsp;New South Wales
• &nbsp;Victoria
• &nbsp;Queensland
• &nbsp;Western Australia
• &nbsp;South Australia
• &nbsp;Tasmania

Territories

Mainland territories

• &nbsp;Australian Capital Territory
• &nbsp;Northern Territory
• &nbsp;Jervis Bay Territory

External territories

• Ashmore and Cartier Islands
• Australian Antarctic Territory
• Norfolk Island
• Christmas Island
• Cocos (Keeling) Islands
• Coral Sea Islands Territory
• Heard and McDonald Islands

Municipalities

Local government in Australia

• Cities of Australia

Demography

• List of Adelaide suburbs
• List of Adelaide obsolete suburb names
• List of Albany suburbs

• List of Brisbane suburbs
• List of Bunbury suburbs

• List of Canberra suburbs
• List of Central Coast, New South Wales suburbs

• List of Darwin suburbs

• List of Gold Coast suburbs

• List of Hobart suburbs

• List of Karratha suburbs

• List of Mackay suburbs
• List of Mandurah suburbs
• List of Melbourne suburbs

• List of suburbs in Greater Newcastle, New South Wales

• List of Perth suburbs

• List of Rockhampton suburbs

• List of Sunshine Coast Region suburbs
• List of Sydney suburbs

• Suburbs of Thuringowa City
• List of Townsville suburbs

• List of Wagga Wagga suburbs and localities
• Western suburbs (Melbourne)
• List of Wollongong suburbs

Government and politics

• Form of government: Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Capital of Australia: Canberra
• Far-right politics in Australia
• Political scandals of Australia
• Socialism in Australia
• Republicanism in Australia
• Taxation in Australia

Elections in Australia

Elections in Australia

• Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia
• 1901 – 1972 – 1974 – 1975 – 1977 – 1980 – 1983 – 1984 – 1987 – 1990 – 1993 – 1996 – 1998 – 2001 – 2004 – 2007 – 2010 – 2013 – 2016 – 2019 – 2022 – 2025
• Australian electoral system
• Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918
• Australian Electoral Commission
• Compulsory voting
• Preferential voting
• Electorates of the Australian House of Representatives
• Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives

Political parties in Australia

List of political parties in Australia

• List of historical political parties in Australia

Federal parties

Current major parties/groupings (May 2025)

• Australian Labor Party
• Liberal Party of Australia
• National Party of Australia
• Coalition (Australia)

Minor parties/groupings

• Australian Greens
• Centre Alliance
• Australia's Voice
• Katter's Australian Party
• Teal independents
• Independent politicians in Australia

State/territory parties

Queensland

• Liberal National Party of Queensland
• Queensland Labor Party

Northern Territory

• Country Liberal Party

Federal government of Australia

Government of Australia

• Separation of powers in Australia

Executive branch

• Head of state: King of Australia (King Charles III)
• Head of state's representative: Governor-General (Sam Mostyn)
• Head of government: Prime Minister of Australia (Anthony Albanese)
• Cabinet of Australia
• Second Albanese ministry (Current ministry as of May 2025)
• List of Australian ministries
• Federal Executive Council

Legislative branch

• Parliament of Australia
• Australian monarch
• Australian Senate
• President of the Australian Senate
• Australian House of Representatives
• Speaker of the House of Representatives
• Opposition Leader (at last election: Peter Dutton)
• Leader of the Opposition
• Angus Taylor (As of February 2026)

Judicial branch

Judiciary of Australia

• High Court of Australia
• Australian court hierarchy
• Constitution of Australia

Military

Australian Defence Force (ADF)

• Command
• Commander-in-chief: Governor-General as the King's representative.
• Minister for Defence of Australia (Richard Marles)

• Forces
• Army of Australia: Australian Army
• Navy of Australia: Royal Australian Navy
• Air force of Australia: Royal Australian Air Force
• Special forces of Australia
• Military history of Australia
• Australian Defence Force ranks

Foreign relations

• ANZUS
• Australia–United States relations
• Australia–New Zealand relations
• Australia–Indonesia relations
• Australia–China relations
• Australia–Japan relations
• Anglo-Australian relations
• Australia and the United Nations

International organisation membership

The Commonwealth of Australia is a member of:

• Asian Development Bank (ADB)
• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (dialogue partner)
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF)
• Australia Group
• Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
• Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
• Colombo Plan (CP)
• Commonwealth of Nations
• East Asia Summit (EAS)
• European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
• Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (G20)
• Informal social partnership (MIKTA)
• International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
• International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
• International Criminal Court (ICCt)
• International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
• International Development Association (IDA)
• International Energy Agency (IEA)
• International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
• International Finance Corporation (IFC)
• International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
• International Labour Organization (ILO)
• International Maritime Organization (IMO)
• International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
• International Monetary Fund (IMF)
• International Olympic Committee (IOC)
• International Organization for Migration (IOM)
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

• International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
• International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
• Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
• Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
• Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) (guest)
• Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
• Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
• Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
• The Pacific Community (SPC)
• Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
• Paris Club
• Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
• South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) (observer)
• South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Co-operation Agreement (Sparteca)
• United Nations (UN)
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
• United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
• United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT)
• United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
• United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)
• United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
• Universal Postal Union (UPU)
• World Customs Organization (WCO)
• World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
• World Health Organization (WHO)
• World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
• World Trade Organization (WTO)
• World Veterans Federation
• Zangger Committee (ZC)

Law and order

Law of Australia

• Citizenship
• Cannabis in Australia
• Constitution of Australia
• Crime in Australia
• Human rights in Australia
• LGBTQ rights in Australia
• Referendums in Australia
• 2023 Australian Indigenous Voice referendum

Law enforcement in Australia

Law enforcement in Australia

• National law enforcement agencies
• Australian Border Force (ABF)
• Australian Federal Police (AFP)
• Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (ACCC)
• Australian Crime Commission (ACC)
• Australian Securities & Investments Commission (ASIC)
• Australian Taxation Office (ATO)
• Regional law enforcement agencies – the following policing agencies are regulated by their respective State or Territory Government and are highly visible:
• Australian Capital Territory Police
• New South Wales Police Force
• Northern Territory Police
• Queensland Police Service
• South Australia Police
• Tasmania Police
• Victoria Police
• Western Australia Police

State and territory governments

The states of Australia are governed by Premiers, and the territories are governed by Chief Ministers.

• Governors of the Australian states
• Parliaments of the Australian states and territories
• Premiers of the Australian states
• Government of New South Wales
• Government of Queensland
• Government of South Australia
• Government of Tasmania
• Government of Victoria
• Government of Western Australia
• Government of the Australian Capital Territory
• Government of the Northern Territory

Local government

• Local government in Australia

History

• Prehistory of Australia
• Australian archaeology
• European exploration of Australia
• History of Australia (1788–1850)
• History of Australia (1851–1900)
• History of Australia (1901–1945)
• Federation of Australia
• Australia in World War I
• Australia in World War II
• Stolen Generations
• History of Australia since 1945
• Constitutional history of Australia
• Immigration history of Australia
• Postage stamps and postal history of Australia

History of states

• History of New South Wales
• History of the Northern Territory
• History of Queensland
• History of South Australia
• History of Tasmania
• History of Victoria
• History of Western Australia

Indigenous Australia

• Aboriginal Australians
• Torres Strait Islanders
• Indigenous Australian cultures
• Indigenous Australian languages
• Native title in Australia
• Uluru Statement from the Heart

Culture

• Architecture of Australia
• Architecture of Western Australia
• Australian architectural styles
• Australian art
• Indigenous Australian art
• Cinema of Australia
• Australian cuisine
• Dance in Australia
• Festivals in Australia
• Australian folklore
• Humour in Australia
• Languages of Australia
• Australian Aboriginal languages
• Australian Aboriginal English
• Australian English
• Australian literature
• Media of Australia
• Television in Australia
• Cinema of Australia
• Music of Australia
• Australian country music
• Australian hip hop
• Australian jazz
• Australian rock
• Indigenous Australian music
• Music of immigrant communities in Australia
• National symbols of Australia
• Coat of arms of Australia
• Flag of Australia
• National anthems:
• Official national anthem: Advance Australia Fair
• Royal anthem: God Save the King
• People of Australia
• Australian diaspora
• Australian of the Year
• Prostitution in Australia
• Public holidays in Australia
• World Heritage Sites in Australia
• Theatre of Australia

Economy and infrastructure

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2025): 14th (fourteenth)
• Agriculture in Australia
• Telecommunications in Australia
• Internet in Australia
• Reserve Bank of Australia
• List of pizzerias in Australia
• List of restaurant chains in Australia
• Currency of Australia: Dollar
• ISO 4217: AUD
• Economic history of Australia
• Energy in Australia
• Energy policy of Australia
• Effects of global warming on Australia
• Garnaut Climate Change Review
• Coal in Australia
• Carbon capture and storage in Australia
• Geothermal power in Australia
• Solar power in Australia
• Wind power in Australia
• Health care in Australia
• Median household income in Australia and New Zealand
• Mining in Australia
• Coal mining in Australia
• Australian Securities Exchange
• Tourism in Australia
• Visa policy of Australia
• Transport in Australia
• Airports in Australia
• Rail transport in Australia
• Road transport in Australia
• Tunnels in Australia
• Water supply and sanitation in Australia

State economies

• Economy of New South Wales
• Economy of Queensland
• Economy of South Australia
• Economy of Tasmania
• Economy of Victoria
• Economy of Western Australia

Education

• Homeschooling and distance education in Australia
• Public and private education in Australia
• Universities in Australia
• Group of Eight

States education

• Education in New South Wales
• Education in Queensland
• Education in South Australia
• Education in Tasmania
• Education in Victoria
• Education in Western Australia
• Education in the Australian Capital Territory<noinclude>

Religion and belief systems in Australia

• Australian Aboriginal religion and mythology
• Irreligion in Australia
• Religion in Australia
• Buddhism in Australia
• Christianity in Australia
• Catholicism in Australia
• Protestantism in Australia
• Hinduism in Australia
• Islam in Australia
• Judaism in Australia
• History of the Jews in Australia
• Sikhism in Australia

Sport

Sport in Australia

• Australia at the Olympics
• Australia at the Commonwealth Games
• Football in Australia
• Soccer in Australia
• Australian rules football in Australia
• Rugby union in Australia
• Rugby league in Australia
• Basketball in Australia
• Cricket in Australia
• Field hockey in Australia
• Golf in Australia
• Motorsport in Australia
• Netball in Australia
• Pickleball in Australia
• Skiing in Australia
• Swimming in Australia
• Swimming Australia
• List of Australian records in swimming
• Women's swimming in Australia
• Tennis in Australia
• Australian horse racing
• Winter sport in Australia

See also

• List of Australia-related topics
• List of articles about Australia and New Zealand jointly
• Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations
• Members states of the Group of Twenty
• Member states of the United Nations
• Outline of geography
• Outline of Oceania
• List of place names of Dutch origin

References

External links

Government

• Parliament of Australia
• Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
• National Archives of Australia
• Australian Bureau of Statistics

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